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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SCIENTIFICSTUDY OF HOW INDIVIDUALS BEHAVE, THINK AND FEEL IN SOCIAL SITUATIONS (ie. In the presence (actual orimplied) of others)
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Social Psychology |
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Judgments about thecauses of our own & others behavior &outcomes
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Attribution |
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Which attributions are Caused by their traits
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Personal (internal)
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Which attributions are Caused by other factors
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Situational (external)
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whenjudging the cause of our own behavior, we overestimate the importance of situationalfactors in failures & Overestimate the importance of internal factors in successes
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Self-serving bias |
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When judging the cause of others behaviour We underestimate the importance of situational factors & Overestimate the importance of internal factors
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Fundamental Attribution Factor |
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Our tendency to attach moreimportance to the first information that we learn about a person
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Primacy effects |
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According to ASCHstudy (1946), Would you get positive vibes or negative vibes from this person:
"Steve is Kind, Smart, Sympathetic, Controlling, possessive" |
Answer: Positive vibe because positives adjectives were used at the beginning of Steves description |
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Ideathat we have limited cognitive resources so any device that releases cognitiveresources will be used often
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Cognitive miser theory
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Stereotypes may stem from some real fact that gets overgeneralized
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Kernel of truth hypothesis
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Tendencyto make assuptions that there are more similarities among outgroupmembers than ingroup members members
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Outgroup homogeneity effect
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People percievecorrelations between traits and groups that are distinctive
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Illusory correlations
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People seekevidence that confirms their beliefs
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Confirmatory hypothesis testing
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What study told a teacherthat select students will have a jump in IQ (Students randomly chosen)– came back months later and foundthat those students did because teacher believed in that stereotype? |
Rosenthal’s “Pygmalian in the classroom study”
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People (often unconsciously) elicit the behavior they are expecting, therby confirming it
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Self-FulfillingProphecy
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What Study had a Group of 12-13 yr old boys in a summer camp & Divided into two groups and put into competition with each other |
Sherif’s Robbers Cave study
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Self-esteem is influenced by thefate of social groups we belong to and we are motivated to protect it
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Social Identity Theory |
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A change in behaviour or belief asa result of real or imagined group pressure
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Conformity
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Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with social pressurewhile privatey dissagreeing
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Compliance
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Accept info about reality from othersE.g. Dad suggests a “good” car for you
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Informational Social Influence
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Conformity based on desire to fill other persons expectations, often togain acceptance e.g. Attend uni not because u want to, but because ur friends applied here
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Normative Social Influence
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When judging social phenomena that cannot be traditionally quantified, we look to other people, to the majority, to determine what is normal or expected
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Social Comparison Theory
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ReasonsWhy People Obey:
A. Uncertainty surrounding the situation B. Influence of authority figures C. Emotional distance of the victim D. Decreased sense of personalresponsibility E. All of the Above |
Answer: E |
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True or False: Women are more likely to obey than men |
Answer: False If you said true, f*ck you bud |
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Shared expectations about how peole should think, feel, and behave.
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Social Norms |
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A set of norms that characterize how people in certain roles should behave.
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Social Roles |
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A positive or negative evaluation towards a stimulus
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Attitudes |
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What are the 3 components of attitudes? |
Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral |
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What are the 3 components of effective persuasion?
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1. Source 2. Message 3. Audience |
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Aninconsistency amongst attitudes and behaviors propels ppl tochange attitudes
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Dissonance Theory |
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What theory says people infer their attitudes from their behaviour? |
Self-perception Theory |
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Presence of others (& resulting arousal) enhancesperformance on easy (or well-learned) tasks and hurts performance on difficulttasks
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Social facilitation (Zajonc,1965)
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A group discussion stregnthens a groups dominant initialviewpoint to be even more extreme
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Group Polarization |
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_________ is decreased if: Tendency to exert less effort towards a certain goal whenwe are not individually accountable (e.g. tug of war) |
Social Loafing |
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Compulsion in part of decision makers to maintain consensus even at thecost of critical thinking
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Groupthink |
