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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Manifest Destiny |
Idea the America was destined by God and history to expand boundaries over a vast area |
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John L O'Sullivan |
Creator of name manifest destiny and advocate |
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Penny Press |
Inexpensive newspapers aimed at large mass audiences |
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Empire of Liberty |
Included Canada, Mexico, and the Caribbean and Pacific islands |
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Stephen F. Austin |
Immigrant from Missouri Established first legal settlement in Texas (1822) |
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Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna |
Siezed Mexican power as dictator Imposed new more conservative autocratic regime on Mexico and it's territories (1830s) |
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The alamo |
Where the mexican government crushed Texas independence movement |
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Battle of San Jacinto |
Led by Sam Houston Defeated mexican army and took Santa Anna prisoner where he signed treaty to give Texas independence |
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Tejanos |
Mexican residents who fought with Americans in the revolution (Mexico v. Texas) |
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The Texas Question |
Should Texas be annexed into the union as slave state, be recognized as independent, or none of the above |
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Oregon Territory |
NW United States |
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Oregon Trail |
2,000 mile trail from Independence, Missouri to either Oregon or California |
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James K Polk |
Won presidency by pressing both Oregon and Texas issues and appealed to both north and south |
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54-40 or flight |
Reference to where Americans hoped to draw the American-Canadian boarder |
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Texas boundary dispute |
Rio Grande River- Americans Neuces River- Mexicans |
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John Slidell |
Sent by Polk to try and buy Mexicans out of California |
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Bear Flag Revolution |
Well armed exploring party joined Kearny join forces to gain control of California |
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General Winfield Scott |
Great American soldier under Polk |
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
Americans payed Mexicans 15 million in return Mexico ceded California and new Mexico the the United States and accepted Rio Grande as Texas border |
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Wilmot Priviso |
Bill making slavery illegal in all Mexican acquired territory Passed in housed but failed in senate |
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Free soil party |
Drew from liberty party, whigs, and democratic parties |
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Sutter's Mill |
Where first gold of gold rush was found |
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49'ers |
Threw cation to the wind during relocation of gold rush |
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Indian Hunters |
Killed thousands of Indians before the gold rush |
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Compromise of 1850 |
Victory of bargaining and self interest unlike clays proposal |
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Fugitive slave act |
Southerners could not come north to take back runaway slaves |
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Ostend Manifesto |
Proposed taking Cuba by force Made northerners mad because they thought that the government was conspiring to bring new slave state into the union |
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Transcontinental Railroad |
Wanted to be constructed for better communications between old states and new territories Disputed where to place the railroad |
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Gadsden Purchase |
Paid $10 million for strip of land in the south (Arizona and New Mexico) that would permit southern railroad |
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Kansas-Nebraska Act |
Nebraska and Kansas created Missouri compromise repealed Made so railroad didn't have to run through Indian territory |
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Republican Party |
Made up of those in opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act |
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Bleeding Kansas |
Symbolic of sectional controversy Kansas slave and free state? |
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Brooks-Sumer Affair |
Sumner gave speach that spike against Andrew P. Butler Butlers nephew Brooks beat Sumner with a cane |
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Free Soil and Free Labor |
Northern Vision Not worried about what slavery did to blacks but worried about what it did to whites All citizens own property, control labor, and have advancement opportunities |
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Slave Power Conspiracy |
North thought south wanted to spread slavery throughout nation and ruin northern capitalism |
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Pro-Slavery Arguments |
Southerners should stop defending slavery as evil but promote as good 1. Slaves had better labor conditions than industrial workers in North 2. Only way two races could live together in peace 3. Basis of southern way of life Defense rested in arguments that blacks were biologically inferior to whites |
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Election of 1856 |
Democrats- James Buchanan Republicans- John C. Fremont Native American (Know-nothing) party beginning to fall apart but still elected- Millard Fillmore |
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Dred Scott v. Sandford |
Taney ruled: 1. Alfican Americans could not bring cases to court because they were private property and not citizens 2. Congress had no authority to pass law depriving persons of their slave property in territories, so Missouri compromise was always unconstitutional |
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Lecompton Constitution |
If accepted Kansas would be admitted into union, if rejected statehood would be postponed |
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Lincoln-Douglas Debated |
Douglas- No moral position on slavery Against black citizenship Lincoln- Nations future rested on spread of free labor Believed slavery was morally wrong Not an abolitionist Blacks not equal to rights but should have some rights |
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John Browns Raid |
Took military fort and hoped that slaves would come and rebel against others. But it didn't happen |
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Election of 1860 |
Lincoln won Started the civil war as South realized their place in the union was helpless |