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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Major parts of the brain |
Brain stem Cerebellum Diencephalon Cerebrum |
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Ventricles |
Extensions of central cavity Filled with cerebral spinal fluid Continuous |
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Lateral ventricles |
Paired, close together with septum pellucidum between |
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Third ventricle |
In diencephalon |
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Fourth ventricle |
Brain stem |
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Gray and white matter in brain |
Core of gray Surrounded by white Sheet of gray called cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex covering the cerebellum and Cerebrum Brain Nuclei clusters of cell bodies |
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Regions in brain stem |
Medulla oblongata Pons Midbrain |
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Medulla oblongata |
Pyramids (voluntary motor) Olive with relay Nuclei Nuclei (sensation from skin) Nerves for hearing, tongue/pharynx, vagus, tongue Reticular formation (Run lines to other portions) |
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Pons |
Superior to medulla |
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Midbrain |
Tectum:roof Cerebral peduncles |
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Cerebellum |
Smooths and coordinates body movements, posture and equilibrium Cerebral hemispheres and vermis connects Outer gray matter, inner white Arbor vitae, deep gray cerebellar nuclei |
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Diencephalon divisions |
Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus |
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Thalamus |
Gateway afferent |
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Hypothalamus |
Visceral control center |
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Epithalamus |
Sleep wake cycle |
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Lobe |
Division of organ |
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Sulci |
Grooves |
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Gyrus |
Ridges |
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Fissure |
Split |
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Fissures in cerebral cortex |
Transverse cerebral fissure: separates from cerebellum Longitudinal fissure: medial |
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Lobes of cerebrum |
Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe |
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Functional areas or cerebrum |
Conscious mind: Sensory areas Association areas Motor areas |
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Commissural fibers |
Connect CNS sides |
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Association fibers |
Connect parts of same hemisphere |
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Projection fibers |
Ascend or descend How info arrives |
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Limbic system |
Emotional brain Cerebrum and diencephalon |
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Reticular formation |
Core of brain stem Arousal and alertness |
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Dura mater |
Toughest meninges Limit movement of brain in skull |
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Arachnoid mater |
Loose cover surrounded by space |
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Pia mater |
Delicate CT Vascularizes and clings |
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Cerebrospinal fluid |
Protects and nourishes brain Brain float Resists compression Produced in ventricles, spreads, reabsorbs into blood of sinuses |
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Spinal cord anatomy |
Runs from foramen magnum to L1 or L2 31 pairs of spinal nerves Central canal Gray matter surrounded by white matter |
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White matter |
Ascending and descending mylinated and unmyelinated axons |
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Gray matter in spinal cord |
Cell bodies Nonmyelinated neurons Neuralgia |
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How sensory and motor are in spinal cord |
Posterior to anterior: SS, VS, VM, SM |
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Spinocerebellar pathway |
Ascending Proprioception Doesn't decussate |
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Dorsal column pathway |
Ascending sensory Descriminitive senses Decussate in medulla |
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Spinothalamic pathway |
Pain temp and deep pressure Ascending Decussate in spinal cord |
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Direct pyramidal tract |
Descending Precise and skilled movemrtns Decussate in medulla and spinal cord |
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Indirect pathways extrapyramidal |
Subconscious movements and posture |
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Stroke |
Interruption of blood flow Burst vessel or blood clot |
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Concussion |
Disorientation or confusion from a blow to the head |
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Alzheimer |
Interruptions with areas associated with memory Hippo, cerebral cortex, and forebrain nuclei |
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Anencephaly |
Brain doesn't close Results in vegetative baby |
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Spina bifida |
Meninges expand around spinal cord like a bag cyst, jeopardizes spinal cord |
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Cerebral palsy |
Voluntary muscles poorly controlled |
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Aging brain |
Not fewer neurons, maybe lower neurotransmitters in synapses |