Chapter 13 Characterizing Virions, Viroids, Prions

Front 1

Virus is Latin for

Back 1

Poison

Front 2

An extracellular virus consisting of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a nucleac acid core, either DNA or RNA, together known as a nucleocapsid

Back 2

Virion

Front 3

Some Virions have a phospholipid membrane surrounding their nucleocapsid called an ___

Back 3

Envelope

Front 4

A virus that infects bacteria

Back 4

Bacteriophage

Front 5

protein subunits, like building blocks, that make up capsids

Back 5

capsomeres

Front 6

capsomeres form a geodesic dome, like a soccer ball, basically round with flat geometric shapes making up the surfaces

Back 6

polyhedral

Front 7

Virions are nonmotile and wait for random collision with host cell

Back 7

Attachment

Front 8

some viruses, like bacteriophage "inject" their genome into the host cell, some fuse and some are endocytosed

Back 8

Entry

Front 9

viral enzymes destroy the host DNA and take over the host cell machinery that starts to produce viral proteins

Back 9

synthesis

Front 10

once enough virus have been made, they burst the cell releasing all of the virus for reinfection of new host cells

Back 10

release

Front 11

An inactive bacteriophage, enters host cell and integrates its genome into the host cell genome

Back 11

prophage

Front 12

________ conversion means bacteriophage genes can change a bacteria from a nonvirulent cell to a virulent cell

Back 12

lysogenic

Front 13

the process of excising a prophage and undergoing the full blown _____ cycle and can be caused by many inductive agents like, UV rays, X-rays or even carcinogenic chemicals

Back 13

Induction and Lytic

Front 14

The capsid of a nonenveloped "naked" virion attaches to a host cell and creates a pore through which its genome passes

Back 14

Direct Penetration

Front 15

an enveloped virion fuse their envelope with the cytoplasmic membrane of the host cell

Back 15

Membrane Fusion

Front 16

Enveloped virions are engulfed or endocytosed by the host cell, inside the capsid is released the cytoplasm where it uncoats and releases in genome

Back 16

Endocytosis

Front 17

Is a process in which viruses are exocytosed out of the cell in such a way that the cell membrane becomes the envelope of the virus

Back 17

Budding

Front 18

An uncontrolled cell division

Back 18

Neoplasia

Front 19

A mass of neoplastic cells

Back 19

Tumor

Front 20

a noninvasive growth of cells that remain in one area of the body

Back 20

Benign

Front 21

An invasive growth of cells that may invade other areas of the body (mestastasize)

Back 21

Malignant

Front 22

Extremely small, circular pieces of RNA infectious and pathogenic in plants

Back 22

Viroids

Front 23

Proteionaceous infective particles, that lack any nucleac acid and are not considred viruses because they do not have any DNA or RNA
composed of single cell protein called PrP

Back 23

Prions