Chapter 13 Bio 3840

Front 1

nematocyst

Back 1

stinging organelle of cnidarians

Front 2

Anthropogenic

Back 2

effects that are caused by humans. ie. pollution and overfishing.

Front 3

cnidocyte

Back 3

modified interstitial cell that holds the nematocyst.

Front 4

polymorphism

Back 4

the presence in a species of more than 1 structural type of individual; genetic captain in a population.

Front 5

hydranths

Back 5

feeding polyps

Front 6

gonangia

Back 6

reproductive polyps.

Front 7

subumbrellar

Back 7

concave side. mouth of Medusae are usually found on this side.

Front 8

velum

Back 8

shelf like fold of tissue from the bottom of the bell that extends into the bell.

Front 9

planula

Back 9

free swimming, ciliated larval type of cnidarians.

Front 10

strobilation

Back 10

repeated linear budding of individuals.

Front 11

pelagic

Back 11

open water environment

Front 12

benthic

Back 12

bottom environment

Front 13

interstitial

Back 13

situated in the spaces between structures such as cells, organs, or grains of sand.

Front 14

operculum

Back 14

a lid.

Front 15

cnidocil

Back 15

modified cilium on nematocyst bearing cnidocytes in cnidarians. triggers nematocyst.

Front 16

manubrium

Back 16

portion projecting from the oral size of a jellyfish Medusa, bearing the mouth; oral cone.

Front 17

rhopalia/rhopalium

Back 17

marginal, club shaped sense organs of certain jellyfishes.

Front 18

hydrorhiza

Back 18

rootlike stolon that attaches a hydroid to its substrate

Front 19

hydrocauli/hydrocaulus

Back 19

stalks or stems of a hydroid colony, parts between the hydrorhiza and the hydranths.

Front 20

coenosarc

Back 20

the inner living part of hydrocauli in hydroids

Front 21

coelenteron

Back 21

internal cavity of a cnidarian. gastrovascular cavity.

Front 22

perisarc

Back 22

sheath covering the stalk and branches of a hydroid.

Front 23

zooid

Back 23

individual member of a colony of animals, such as colonial cnidarians.

Front 24

gastrozooids

Back 24

feeding polyp of a hydroid, a hydranth.

Front 25

thecate

Back 25

an organism with a protective covering

Front 26

athecate

Back 26

an organism without a protective covering

Front 27

gonophore

Back 27

sexual reproductive structure developing from reduced Medusae in some hydrozoans. may be retained on the colony or released.

Front 28

statocysts

Back 28

sense organ of equilibrium. fluid filed cellular cyst containing one or more granules used to sense direction of gravity.

Front 29

Ocelli/ocellus

Back 29

simple eye or eyespot in invertebrates.

Front 30

entocodon

Back 30

one of the layers of a developing Medusa bud on a hydrozoan colony. derived from the ectoderm.

Front 31

basal disc

Back 31

aboral attachment site on a cnidarian polyp.

Front 32

hypostome

Back 32

conical elevation where the mouth is located in hydras

Front 33

nutritive muscular cells

Back 33

contain myofibril at bases and form a circular muscle layer.

Front 34

interstitial cells

Back 34

are undifferentiated stem cells.

Front 35

dactylozooids

Back 35

a polyp of a colonial hydroid specialized for defense or killing food.

Front 36

pneumatophore

Back 36

gas filled float of the Portuguese man of war which are specialized hydrozoan colonies.

Front 37

lappets

Back 37

Lobes around the margin of scyphozoan medusae

Front 38

rhopalium

Back 38

Club shaped sense organs of certain jellyfishes and in some eyes.

Front 39

scyphistoma

Back 39

polyp form of a scyphozoan

Front 40

ephyrae/ephyra

Back 40

Medusa bud from scyphozoan polyp

Front 41

brachial

Back 41

arms

Front 42

zooanthellae/zooxanthella

Back 42

minute dinoflagellate alga living in the tissues of many marine invertebrates.

Front 43

pedalium

Back 43

flattened blade at the base of the tentacles in cubozoan medusae.

Front 44

velarium

Back 44

shelflike extension of the subumbrellar edge in cubozoans.

Front 45

pinnate

Back 45

feather like

Front 46

siphonoglyph

Back 46

ciliated furrow in the gullet of sea anemones

Front 47

septum

Back 47

a wall between two cavities

Front 48

protandrous

Back 48

condition of hermaphroditic animals and Plants in which male organs and their products appear before the corresponding female organs and products thus preventing self fertilization.

Front 49

pedal laceration

Back 49

asexual reproduction. a form of fission

Front 50

solenia

Back 50

channels connecting the polyps in an Octocorillian colony

Front 51

coenenchyme

Back 51

extensive mesogleal tissue between the polyps of an Octocorallian

Front 52

hermatypic

Back 52

reef forming corals

Front 53

coralline algae

Back 53

algae that precipitate calcium carbonate in their tissues.

Front 54

fringing reefs

Back 54

close to landmass with either no lagoon or narrow lagoon between reef and shore.

Front 55

barrier reef

Back 55

are roughly parallel to site and has a wider and deeper lagoon than fringing reef.

Front 56

atolls

Back 56

reefs that encircle a lagoon but not an island.

Front 57

patch/bank reefs

Back 57

are a ways back from steep seaward slope in lagoons of barrier reefs or atolls.

Front 58

reef front/fore reef slope

Back 58

part of reef facing the sea

Front 59

colloblasts

Back 59

adhesive cells used to capture prey