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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long is the average small bowel if removed and stretched out during an autopsy? |
23 Feet |
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In a person with good muscle tone, what is the length of the entire small intestine |
15-18 Feet |
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How large is the average large intestine |
5 Feet |
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What are the 3 divisions of the small intestine in descending order? |
Duodenum, Jejunum, & Ileum |
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In what 2 abdominal quadrants would the majority of the jejunum be found? |
Left Upper Quadrant and Left Lower Quadrant |
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Which division of the small intestine has a feathery or coiled-spring appearance during a small bowel series? |
Jejunum |
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Which division of the small intestine is the longest? |
Ileum |
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What 2 aspects of the large intestines are not considered a part of the colon? |
Cecum & Rectum |
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List the 2 functions of the ileocecal valve. |
Acts as a sphincter Prevents reflux |
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What is another term for the appendix? |
Vermiform Appendix |
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Longest aspect of the large intestine. |
Transverse Colon |
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Widest portion of the large intestine. |
Cecum |
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A blind pouch inferior to the ileocecal valve. |
Appendix or Vermiform Appendix |
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Aspect of small intestine that is the smallest in diameter but longest in length. |
Ileum |
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Shortest aspect of the small intestine. |
Duodenum |
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Lies in pelvis but possesses a wide freedom of motion. |
Sigmoid Colon |
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Makes up 40% of the small intestine. |
Jejunum |
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Found between the cecum and transverse colon. |
Ascending colon |
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What is the term for the three bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches? |
Taeniae Coli |
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That are the pouches, or sacculations, seen along the large intestine wall? |
Haustrum |
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What is the older term for the mucosal folds found wihin the jejunum |
Plicae Circulares |
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Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily in the RLQ? |
Ileum |
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What type of patients should be given extra care when using a water-soluable contrast medium? |
The young and Dehydrated |
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Common birth defect found in the ileum. |
Meckel's Diverticulum |
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Common parasitic infection of the small intestine. |
Giardiasis |
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Obstruction of the small intestine |
Ileus |
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Patient with lactose or sucrose sensitivities. |
Malabsorbtion Syndrome |
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New Growth |
Neoplasm |
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A form of Sprue |
Celiac Disease |
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How is Meckel's diverticulum best diagnosed? |
Nuclear Medicine
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What is the purpose of introducing methylcelluslose during an enteroclysis? |
Adheres to the bowel. |
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What type of patient usually experiences intussuception? |
Younger than 2
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What can be added to the contrast during a barium enema to minimize spasm. |
Lidocaine |
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Which aspect of the large intestine must be demonstrated during evacuative proctography? |
Anorectal Angle |
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What medication can be given during a barium enema to minimize colonic spasm? |
Glucagone |
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What are the digestive movements of the small intestine? |
Peristalsis Rhythmic Segmentation |
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What are the digestive movements of the large intestine? |
Peristalsis Haustral Churning Mass Peristalsis Defecation |
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Small Bowel Series |
A radiographic study specifically of the small intestine. |
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What is the purpose of the small bowel series? |
To study the form and function of the three components of the small bowel and to detect any abnormal conditions. |
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What are the 2 contradictions to contrast media studies of the small intestinal tract? |
1. Pressurgical patients and patients suspected to have a perforated hollow viscus should not receive barium sulfate 2. Barium sulfate by mouth is contraindicated in patients with a possible large bowel obstruction |
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Enteritis |
Inflammation of the intestine, primarily of the small intestine Sometimes caused by bacterial infection May cause lumen of the intestine to become thickened, irregular, and narrowed. |
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Regional Enteritis |
Crohn's Disease Inflammatory bowel disease of unknown origin. Scarring causes "cobblestone" appearance. |
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Giardiasis |
A common infection of the lumen of the small intestine that is caused by the flagellate protozoan. Often spread by contaminated food & water, also person to person. Diarrhea, Nausea, and Weight loss occurs. |
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Illeus |
Obstruction of the small intestine |
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Name the 2 types of Illeus |
Mechanical and Adynamic or paralytic |
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Mechanical Obstruction |
A physical blockage of the bowel that may be caused by tumors, adhesions, or hernia. Circular staircase appearance |
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Adynamic or Paralytic ileus |
Cessation of peristalsis May be caused by infection, use of certain drugs, and postsurgical complications. |
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Meckel's Diverticulum |
Common birth defect caused by the persistence of the yolk sac resulting in a saclike outpouching of the intestinal wall. Best diagnosed with Nuclear Medicine |
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Neoplasm |
New Growth - Tumor |
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Sprue |
Malabsorption Syndromes Gastrointestinal track is unable to process and absorb certain nutrients |
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Celiac |
Form of sprue or malabsorption disease that affects the proximal small bowel Commonly involves the insoluble protien (gluten) found in cereal grains. |
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Whipples Disease |
Rare disorder of the proximal small bowel whose cause is unknown Best diagnosed with a small bowel series. |
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Barium Enema |
The radiographic study of the large intestine. Aka: BE (BaE) and lower GI series. |
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What is the purpose of the Barium Enema? |
Demonstrate radiographicaly the form and function of the large intestine to detect any abnormal conditions. |
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What are the two contraindications for the barium enema? |
1. Possible perforated hollow viscus 2. Possible large bowel obstruction |
