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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA
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Deoxyribosenucleic Acid
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RNA
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Ribosenucleic Acid, DNA without the O, single strand
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Nucleotide
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subunit of DNA
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Deoxyribose
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sugar in DNA
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Ribose
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sugar
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nitorgen base
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Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil
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Adenine
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attaches to thymine and uracil
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guanine
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attaches to cytosine
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cytosine
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attaches to guanine
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thymine
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attaches to adenine
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uracil
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attaches to adenine in RNA
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double helix
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structure of dNA, twisted latter
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Watson and Crick
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two scientists who discovered the make up shap of DNA
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Rosalyn Franklin
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Xrayed DNA and noticed double helix shape
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Gene
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a section of DNA that codes for protiens
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Protein
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made up of amino acids, held together by h bonds , end result of DNA
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Amino Acid
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tangled up chains make protien, made at the end of translation
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Genetic Code
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show which N bases code for which amino acid
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DnA replecation
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process which the two strands of double helix seperate and base paris have free nucleotides connect to them
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RNA polymerase
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enzymer that attaches to tRNA to condonns makes RNA
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DNA polymerase
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the second enzyme that bonds new nucleotides into double strands REPLECATION
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Helicase
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breaks DNA
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Codon
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a sequence of three ntirogen bases that code for One amino acid on mRNA
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mRNA
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messenger RNA leaves nucleus and travels to ribosomes
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tRNA
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transger RNA brings aminoacids and bonds
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Genetic Code
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show which N bases code for which amino acid
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anticodon
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three Nbases on the transger that bonds to the codon
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Transcription
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process which the information in DNA is transfered to mRNA
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Translation
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the process in which the information in mRNA is used to make protiens
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Ribosomes
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place where mRNA goes
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mutation
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any mistake or change in the DNA sequence
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a change addition or deletion of one nucleotied base pair
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gene mutation
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chromosomal muation
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a change addition or deletion of a section oc chromosome
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point mutation
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a change in a single base pari
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frameshift mutation
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an addition or deletion of a singel base pari to DNa cause all to chnage
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aneupolidy
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having an incorrect no of chromosomes due to nondisjunction
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monosomy
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one less in Karyotype
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triosomy
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one too many in the karyotype
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nondisjunction
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a chromosomal mutation in which homologou chromosomes fail to seperate during mitiosis
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deletion
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part of the chromosome is left out
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inversion
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part of a chromosome breaks off and is reinserted backwards
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translocation
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part of one chromosome breaks off and is added to a different chromosome
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insertion or duplication
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additional base paris are added to a chromoseme ( part of one chromatid breaks off and attaches to its siter chraomatid )
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