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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charles Finney
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A New York revivalist who taught Christian beliefs by appealing to the emotional side instead of reason. He believed in free will and that Christians could be totally free of sin. "Sinners Bound To Change Their Own Hearts." Led revivals in western NY, including one successful in Rochester. Wanted instant conversions. Held meetings that lasted overnight or for several days. Placed an "anxious bench" where those looking to repent received special attention, and allowed women to pray out loud in church. Dramatic results, such as falling to the floor in excitement occurred. Evangelicals were angered and even disturbed by his methods.
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Second Great Awakening
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Popular on the Southern frontier during the early 19th century. Highly emotional camp meetings (Methodist and Baptist usually). Difficult to find ministers, so farmers preached, or camp meetings were attended. Scoffers who went to meetings were often converted after a series of jerks, but one died because he refused. Shied away from social reform. North- Congregationalists and Presbyterians. Less extravagant, occurred in small towns. Devoted to redemption of the human race. New calvinism, defended against Enlightenment.
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Peter Cartwright
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Methodist preacher. Said that one scoffer had a (seizure) and refused to convert so it did not end and his neck broke.
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Timothy Dwight
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Reverend and president of Yale in 1795. Against Unitarians who did not believe God was an all-powerful, mysterious being.
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American Temperance Society
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Organized by a group of clergymen. Encouraged abstinence from hard liquor. Sent out lectures and essays. Organized meetings where people could pledge to the cause. Effective, more than a million members.
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Horace Mann
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Massachusetts lawyer who established a state board of education and obtained tax support for local schools. He became the first secretary of the board. Believed children should be molded by teachers using moral influence. Against corporal punishment.
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Dorothea Dix
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Worked to publicize inhumane treatment in prisons, almshouses, and insane asylums, and change them.15 states opened new hospitals, and others improved supervision. Ranked as one of the most practical/efficient reformers of the era.
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William Lloyd Garrison
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White abolitionist who repudiated the Colonization Society and support emancipation without emigration. Author of the Liberator. Helped found anti-slavery society.
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Frederick Douglas
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Escaped slave. Helped to increase northern awareness.,
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Neo-Calvinism
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Reshapement of Puritanism. Softened predestination. Appealed to people optimistic of human capabilities. Nathaniel Taylor, Lyman Beecher.
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Seneca Falls Convention
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Head of campaign for womens rights. Organized by Stanton and Mott, NY, 1848. Movement in gender equality, sought womens rights to vote and freedom from tyrannical laws given to husbands.
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Brook Farm
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George Ripley founded a community near Roxbury MA, 1841. Group of transcendentalists worked the land, school on spontaneity, and allowed for conversation, meditation, communion with nature, and artistic activity. Remained until 1849
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Lyman Beecher
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Pupil of Dwight, great practitioner of new Calvinism, promoted NE revivals. Using his own version of the doctrine of free agency, he convinced many to surrender to God.
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Lewis Tappan
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Tappan brothers were successful merchants subject to threats and violence. Used wealth to finance antislavery movements. Distributed many pamphlets via mail.
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Cult Of True Womanhood
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Also the Cult of Domesticity. Viewed the womens role in the house to be the head of virtue and religion, place was in home and on pedestal. Mothers and wives were "angels of the household"
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American Anti-Slavery Association
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Declaration of sentiments, defensive, active supporters became abolitionists.
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Declaration Of Sentiments
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Charged that that the tyranny men had over women was repeated, and women should be freed from unjust laws and given the right to vote.
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Liberator
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Journal published by Garrison, it called for immediate emanciopation and denounced colonization as a slaveholders plot to remove free blacks and went against Christians.
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