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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity |
the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
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trait |
a specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring |
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genetics |
the scientific study of heredity |
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fertilization |
the process in sexual reproduction in which an egg and sperm cell join to form a new cell |
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purebred |
offspring of many generations that has the same form of a trait |
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gene |
a sequence of DNA that determines a trait |
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allele |
different forms of a gene |
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dominant allele |
an allele whos trait always shows up if the allele is present |
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recessive allele |
an allele that is hidden if a dominant allele is present |
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hybrid |
an offspring with two different alleles for a trait |
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probability |
a number that describes how likely it is that a specific event will occur |
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Punnett Square |
a chart that shows all the possible alleles that can result from a genetic cross |
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phenotype |
an organisms physical appearance or visible traits |
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genotype |
an organisms alleles or genetic makeup |
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homozygous |
having two identical alleles for a specific gene |
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heterozygous |
having two different alleles for a specific gene |
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incomplete dominance |
a situation in which one allele is not completely dominant |
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codominance |
both alleles in a gene expressed equally |
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multiple alleles |
three or more possible alleles of a gene that determine a trait |
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polygenic inheritance |
the inheritance of traits contolled by two or more genes |
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meiosis |
formation of sex cells |
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selective breeding |
method of breeding that allows only organisms with desired traits to produce next generation |
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inbreeding |
method where two organisms with similar traits breed |
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hybridization |
crossing organisms with different traits to get best traits form parents |
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clone |
organism genetically identical to offspring |
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genetic engineering |
transferring genes from organisms |
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gene therapy |
changing genes |
