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204 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx |
adenoids |
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air sac in the lung |
alveolus |
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tip or upper most part of the lung |
apex of the lung |
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lower portion of the lung |
base of the lung |
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smallest branches of the bronchi |
bronchioles |
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branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung |
bronchus |
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gas produced by the body when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine |
carbon dioxide |
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thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract |
cilia |
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muscle separating the chest and abdomen; plays a role in respiration |
diaphragm |
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lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx |
epiglottis |
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breathing out |
expiration |
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slit-like opening to the larynx |
glottis |
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midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lung |
hilum of the lung |
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breathing in |
inspiration |
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voice box; contains vocal cords |
larynx |
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division of the lung |
lobe |
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region between the lungs in the chest cavity |
mediastinum |
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openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities |
nares |
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gas that makes of 21 percent of air and is essential for human life |
oxygen |
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one of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx |
palatine tonsil |
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one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose |
paranasal sinus |
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outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall |
parietal pleura |
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throat; includes the oropharynx, nasopharynx, and laryngopharynx |
pharynx |
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double-layered membrane surrounding each lung |
pleura |
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space between the folds of the pleura |
pleural cavity |
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essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration |
pulmonary parenchyma |
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process of moving air into and out of the lungs |
respiration |
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windpipe |
trachea |
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inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue |
visceral pleura |
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listening to the sounds within the body |
auscultation |
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tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying tissue; delivering sharp, short blow to the surface of the chest |
percussion |
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scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other |
pleural rub (friction rub) |
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fine, crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli |
rales |
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loud, rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum |
ronchi |
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material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting |
sputum |
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strained, high-pitched sound heard on auscultation caused by obstruction of the pharynx or larynx |
stridor |
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continuous, high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing |
wheezes |
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containing pus |
purulent |
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When a sputum specimen is maintained in a nutrient medium to promote growth of a pathogen |
sputum culture |
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A study that identifies the sputum pathogen in a culture and determines which antibiotic will be effective in treating it |
culture & sensitivity (C&S) |
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an acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx; accompanied by barking cough and stridor |
croup |
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the most common cause of croup |
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) |
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acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium |
diphtheria |
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A combination vaccine of diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus |
DPT |
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nosebleed |
epistaxis |
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whooping cough; highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea |
pertussis |
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violent, sudden |
paroxysmal |
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chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production |
asthma |
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a fast-acting agent for acute asthma symptoms |
bronchodilator |
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chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection |
bronchiectasis |
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non-curative |
palliative |
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inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time; type of COPD |
chronic bronchitis |
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includes chronic bronchitis an emphysema |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
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collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli |
atelectasis |
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hyperinflation of the air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
emphysema |
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ventricular hypertrophy and right heart failure due to emphysema |
cor pulmonale |
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malignant tumor arising from the lungs and the bronchi |
lung cancer |
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Lung cancer that accounts for 90% of lung cancers; compromised of three main types of cancer |
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) |
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Lung cancer that derives from small, round cells found in pulmonary epithelium |
small cell lung cancer (SCLC) |
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abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis |
pneumoconiosis |
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inhalation of coal dust |
anthracosis |
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inhalation of asbestos |
asbestosis |
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inhalation of silica or glass |
silicosis |
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acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory infection |
pneumonia |
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fluid, blood, cells, and debris |
exudate |
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a fluid-filled area within the lungs as seen on a chest x-ray or CT scan |
infiltrate |
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pneumonia that involves the entire lobe of a lung |
lobar pneumonia |
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a limited form of infection that produces patchy consolidation (abscesses) in the lung parenchyma |
bronchopneumonia |
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pneumonia that results from a contagious respiratory infection |
community-acquired pneumonia |
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pneumonia acquired during hospitalization |
hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia |
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pneumonia caused by material, such as food or vomit, lodging in the bronchi or lungs |
aspiration pneumonia |
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large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs |
pulmonary abscess |
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fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles |
pulmonary edema |
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clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung |
pulmonary embolism (PE) |
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occlusion of pulmonary tissue that produces an area of necrotic tissue |
pulmonary infarction |
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formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs |
pulmonary fibrosis |
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inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally |
cystic fibrosis (CF) |
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chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in the lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs |
sarcoidosis |
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infectious disease that usually involves the lungs, but any organ in the body can be affected; caused by bacteria |
tuberculosis (TB) |
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bacteria that causes TB |
bacilli |
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rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura |
mesothelioma |
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abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity) |
pleural effusion |
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inflammation of the pleura |
pleurisy (pleuritis) |
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fluid from tumors and infections |
exudates |
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fluid from congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, or cirrhosis |
transudates |
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collection of air in the pleural space |
pneumothorax |
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the artificial production of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura for treatment of persistent pneumothorax and severe pleural effusion |
pleurodesis |
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collection of fluid in the pleural cavity |
hydrothorax |
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radiographic image of the thoracic cavity |
chest x-ray (CXR) |
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computer-generated series of x-ray images showing thoracic structures in cross section and other planes |
computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest |
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the combination of CT scanning and angiography |
CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) |
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magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional planes |
MRI of the chest |
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radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs |
positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the lung |
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detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of a small amount of radioactive gas |
ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan |
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fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes |
bronchoscopy |
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fluid is injected into the lungs and withdrawn |
bronchoalveolar lavage |
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a brush is inserted through a bronchoscope and is used to scrape off tissue |
bronchial brushing |
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performed during a bronchoscopy to diagnose and stage lung cancer |
endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) |
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placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway |
endotracheal intubation |
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visual examination of the voice box |
laryngoscopy |
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an apparatus that moves air into and out of the lungs |
ventilator |
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removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination |
lung biopsy |
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endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum |
medistinoscopy |
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tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs |
pulmonary function tests (PFTs) |
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measures the volume and rate of air passing into and out of the lung |
spirometer |
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diseases where airways are narrowed, which results in resistance to air flow |
obstructive lung disease |
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FEV |
forced expiratory volume |
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a disease where expansion of the lung is limited by disease that affects the chest wall, pleura, or lung tissue itself |
restrictive lung disease |
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TLC |
total lung capacity |
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diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide |
DLco |
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surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space |
thoracentesis |
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large surgical incision of the chest |
thoracotomy |
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visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope |
thoracoscopy |
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allows the surgeon to view the chest from a video monitor |
video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) |
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surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck |
tracheostomy |
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the incision necessary to create a tracheostomy |
tracheotomy |
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determines past or present tuberculosis infection based on a positive skin reaction |
tuberculin test |
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PPD |
purified protein derivative |
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a flexible, plastic tube is passed into the pleural space through an opening in the chest |
tube thoracostomy |
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ABGs |
arterial blood gases |
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AFB |
acid-fast bacillus |
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ARDS |
acute respiratory distress syndrome |
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BAL |
bronchoalveolar lavage |
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Broncho |
bronchoscopy |
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CF |
cystic fibrosis |
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CO2 |
carbon dioxide |
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COPD |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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CPAP |
continuous positive airway pressure |
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CPR |
cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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C&S |
culture and sensitivity testing |
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CTPA |
computed tomography pulmonary angiography |
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CXR |
chest x-ray |
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DOE |
dyspnea on exertion |
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DPT |
diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus |
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FVC |
forced vital capacity |
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ICU |
intensive care unit |
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LLL |
left lower lobe |
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LUL |
left upper lobe |
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MDI |
metered-dose inhaler |
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NSCLC |
non-small cell lung cancer |
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OSA |
obstructive sleep apnea |
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PaCO2 |
partial pressure of CO2 |
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PaO2 |
partial pressure of oxygen |
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PCP |
pneumocystis pneumonia |
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PE |
pulmonary embolism |
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PEP |
positive expiratory pressure |
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PEEP |
positive end-expiratory pressure |
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PFTs |
pulmonary function tests |
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PND |
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
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RDS |
respiratory distress syndrome |
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RLL |
right lower lobe |
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RSV |
respiratory syncytial virus |
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RUL |
right upper lobe |
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RV |
residual volume |
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SABA |
short-acting beta agonist |
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SCLC |
small cell lung cancer |
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SOB |
shortness of breath |
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TB |
tuberculosis |
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URI |
upper respiratory infection |
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Vt |
tidal volume |
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VATS |
video-assisted thoracic surgery |
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VC |
vital capacity |
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V/Q scan |
ventilation-perfusion scan |
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adenoids |
adeniod/o |
combining form |
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alveolus, air sac |
alveol/o |
combining form |
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bronchial tube, bronchus |
bronch/o bronchi/o |
combining form |
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bronchiole, small bronchus |
bronchiol/o |
combining form |
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carbon dioxide |
capn/o |
combining form |
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dust |
coni/o |
combining form |
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blue |
cyan/o |
combining form |
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epiglottis |
epiglott/o |
combining form |
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larynx, voice box |
laryng/o |
combining form |
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lobe of the lung |
lob/o |
combining form |
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mediastinum |
mediastin/o |
combining form |
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nose |
nas/o rhin/o |
combining form |
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straight, up-right |
orth/o |
combining form |
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oxygen |
ox/o |
combining form |
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chest |
pector/o thorac/o |
combining form |
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pharynx, throat |
pharyng/o |
combining form |
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voice |
phon/o |
combining form |
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diaphragm |
phren/o |
combining form |
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pleura |
pleur/o |
combining form |
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air, lung |
pneum/o pneumon/o |
combining form |
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lung |
pulmon/o |
combining form |
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sinus, cavity |
sinus/o |
combining form |
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breathing |
spir/o |
combining form |
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complete |
tel/o |
combining form |
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tonsils |
tonsill/o |
combining form |
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trachea, windpipe |
trache/o |
combining form |
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condition |
-ema |
suffix |
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smell |
-osmia |
suffix |
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breathing |
-pnea |
suffix |
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spitting |
-ptysis |
suffix |
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pulse |
-sphyxia |
suffix |
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pleaural cavity, chest |
-thorax |
suffix |
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removal of a small, localized area of diseased tissue near the surface of the lung |
wedge resection |
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removal of a bronchiole and its alveoli |
segmental resection |
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the removal of an entire lobe of the lung |
lobectomy |
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removal of an entire lung |
pneumonectomy |
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the process by which oxygen is exchanged between the lungs and the external environment |
external respiration |
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the process by which oxygen is exchanged between the capillaries and cells |
internal respiration |
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cells in the blood that carry oxygen away from the lungs to all parts of the body |
erythrocytes |
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pain of the pleura (chest wall) |
pleurodynia |
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inflammation of the nose and throat |
nasopharyngitis |
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