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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
batholith
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largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma being forced upward toward Earth's crust cools slowly and solidifies underground
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caldera
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large, circular-shaped openings formed when the top of a volcano collapses
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cinder cone volcano
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steep-sided, loosely packed volcano formed when tephra falls to the ground
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composite volcano
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volcano built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava; found mostly where Earth's plates come together and one plate sinks below the other
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crater
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steep-walled depression around a volcano's vent
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dike
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igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a vertical crack that cuts across rock layers and hardens underground
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hot spot
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the result of an unusually hot area at the boundary between Earth's mantle and core that forms volcanoes when melted rock is forced upward and breaks through the crust
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shield volcano
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broad, gently sloping volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava
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sill
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igneous rock feature formed when magma is squeezed into a horizontal crack between layers of rock and hardens underground
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tephra
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bits of rock or solidified lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcano eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks
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vent
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opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth's surface as lava, forming a volcano
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volcanic vent
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solid igneous core of a volcano left behind after the softer cone has been eroded
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volcano
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opening in Earth's surface that erupts sulfurous gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth's plate boundaries where plates move apart or together, at hot spots
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