Chapter 12 - Human Genetics

Front 1

genome

Back 1

complete set of an organism's genetic material

Front 2

histone

Back 2

small protein that DNA wraps around

Front 3

trisomy 21

Back 3

condition in which an individual has three number 21 chromosomes, resulting in Down syndrome

Front 4

Down syndrome

Back 4

general set of symptoms in people with trisomy 21

Front 5

nondisjunction

Back 5

event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate

Front 6

duplication

Back 6

change to a chromosome in which part of the chromosome is repeated

Front 7

deletion

Back 7

change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed

Front 8

inversion

Back 8

change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the original chromosome is reversed

Front 9

translocation

Back 9

change to a chromosome in which a fragment of one chromosome attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome

Front 10

transposon

Back 10

genetic element that moves from one location to another in a genome

Front 11

pedigree

Back 11

family tree that records and traces the occurrence of a trait in a family

Front 12

carrier

Back 12

individual who has one copy of the allele for a recessive disorder and does not exhibit symptoms

Front 13

genetic counselor

Back 13

person trained to collect, analyze, and explain data about human inheritance patterns

Front 14

growth factor

Back 14

protein that initiates cell division

Front 15

tumor-suppressor gene

Back 15

gene that codes for a protein that stops cell division in particular situations

Front 16

oncogene

Back 16

cancer-causing gene