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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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During Luteal phase of the Menstral cycle, what is the main bacteria present?
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Lactobacillus
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What is the most common infection of the female genital tract, and what organism?
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Bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardenerella vaginosis.
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What are the three main bacteria that cause STD's?
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Neisseria Gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, and treponema pallidum.
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What are the bacteria that can cause PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease).
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N. Gonorrhea and Chlamydia - both cause acute and chronic PID.
Coliforms, and anarobes cause - Chronic PID |
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What bacterium can cause Congenital and Perinatel infections.
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Treponema Pallidum - cuases osteochhondritis, hepatosplenomeagaly, mental retardation.
Group B streptococus and Lysteria monocytogenes cause Neonatal sepsis and meningitis |
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Which two organisms can cause PID.
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genococcus and chlamydia
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How can PID cause ectopic pregnancy or even infertility?
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inflammation and fibrosis causes damage in fallopian tube(s) and ova can not reach uterus to implant or implants in the fallopian tube (ectopic pregnancy).
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How can PID be diagnosed?
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Cervical discharge and cervical tenderness, palpable pelvic mass, fever, raised WBC, CRP, and ESR.
-endocervical swab for genococcus and chlamydia and blood culture. |
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What antibiotics are used to treat PID?
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doxycycline and Metronidazole, but if no response clindamycin and ciprofloxacin
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Bacterial vaginosis?
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Polymicrobial condition w/ Mycoplasma hominis and anaerobes that overwhelm lactobacillus populatio and vagina and produce a gray fishy odor.
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What percentage of chlamydia infections seek medical advice?
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10% which is bad because these can be asympomatic in females facilitating ignorantly the passing of the STD.
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During follicular phase of the menstrual cycle what organism(s) are present?
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Bacteroides, coliforms, group B strep and lactobacillus.
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What organisms can cause congenital and perinatal infections?
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Treponema Pallidum, Group B Strep, Listeria Monocytogenes.
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Neisseria Gonorrhea
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Infects mucosal columnar and cubodial epithelial cells of genital tract, rectum, throat, and eyes.
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N. Gonorrhea invades epithelium cells in what manner?
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Attaches via adhesins in cell wall and outer membrane Opa proteins. which allows invasion of epithelium and strong neutrophil invasion, micro-abcesses, and pus. Can cause PID. (human specific pathogen).
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Antibiotics used for N. Gonorrhea.
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Amoxycillin, doxycycline, azithromycin
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Antibiotics used for Chlamydia trachomatis.
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doxycycline and azithromycin
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antibiotics for treponema pallidum
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benzypenicillin
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Why is Chlamydia considered the hidden epidemic.
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most common of STDs, three times the number of reported cases of gonorrhea. Carriage rate in females and males is high (asymptomatic).
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chlamydia diagnosis
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swap in chlamydia transport medium, serological Elisa test, and confirmation w/ PCR.
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primary syphilis
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painless ulcer and invades blood to be widely distributed.
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2ndary syphilis
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manifests rash weeks after initial phase, lesions harboring many bacteria on skin.
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Latent phase syphilis
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no symptoms, but during first four years relapses to the infection can occur
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tertiary syphilis
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considered latent phase, but can manifest as neurosyphilis or cardiac syphilis
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Congenital infection:syphilis
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about 50% of babies born with CS are asymptomatic. prenatal screen by Elisa for treponema antibodies should be done.
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Borrelia burgdorferi causes
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lyme disease, classic migrating bulls eye rash, and can cause arthritis later on.
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Septic arthritis
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bacteria invade cartilage and destroy it. S. aureus produces chondrocyte protease that can destroy cartilage.
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