Chapter 12

Front 1

Cotton Kingdom

Back 1

A broad swath of territory that stretched from South Carolina, Georgia, and northern Florida in the east through Alabama, Mississippi, central and western Tennessee, and Louisiana, and from there on to Arkansas and Texas.

Front 2

Denmark Vesey

Back 2

South Carolina slave who won fifteen hundred dollars in a lottery and bought his freedom

Front 3

Frederick Douglas

Back 3

A former slave who was the leading black abolitionist during the antebellum period

Front 4

free blacks

Back 4

Blacks who were not slaves. Lived in urban areas. The relatively specialized economies of the cities provided free people of color with opportunities to become carpenters, cooper, barbers, and even small traders.

Front 5

George Fitzhugh

Back 5

Virginian who differenciated the thought of northern factory workers, “wage slaves” who were callously discarded by their bosses when they were too old or too sick to work, with the southern slaves, who were fed and clothed even when old and ill because they were the property of conscientious masters.

Front 6

Harriet Tubman

Back 6

Former slave and leading abolitionist who made repeated trips back to the South to help other slaves escape.

Front 7

internal slave trade

Back 7

Slave trade within the Upper and Lower South.

Front 8

Lower (Deep) South

Back 8

Made of South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, as well as Texas.

Front 9

Nat Turner

Back 9

Slave who lead a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia in 1831.

Front 10

Old South

Back 10

Consisted of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas.

Front 11

pine barrens people

Back 11

Group of people that appeared lazy and shiftless. Did not raise cash crops or engaged in orderly work. 10% of southern whites.

Front 12

plantation agriculture

Back 12

Characterized by a high degree of division of labor, it was virtually an agricultural equivalent of a factory village.

Front 13

Southern code of honor

Back 13

Sensitivity to one's reputation, a belief that one's self-esteem depends on the judgment of others.

Front 14

Spirituals

Back 14

Religious songs sung by blacks. "Short scaps of disjointed affirmations, pledges, or prayers lengthened out with long repetition choruses."

Front 15

Task system

Back 15

Every slave had a daily or weekly list of tasks to complete.

Front 16

The Impending Crisis of the South

Back 16

it called upon non–slaveholders to abolish slavery in their own interest. Written by Hinton R. Helper.

Front 17

Tredegar Iron Works

Back 17

Located in Richmond, it was the nation’s fourth–largest producer of iron products.

Front 18

Underground Railroad

Back 18

Supposedly an organized network of safe houses owned by white abolitionists who spirited blacks to freedom in the North and Canada.

Front 19

Upper South

Back 19

Consisted of Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas.