Chapter 12 & 20

Front 1

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Back 1

administer a drug to an infected person that destroys the infective agent without harming the host's cells.

Front 2

Antibiotics

Back 2

substances produced by the natural metabolic processes of some microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms

**come primarily from aerobic spore-forming bacteria and fungi**

Front 3

Paul Ehrlich

Back 3

early concepts of chemotherapy

Front 4

Prophylaxis

Back 4

Drugs administered to prevent an infection from happening

Front 5

Combined Therapy (combination therapy)

Back 5

more than 2 drugs at a time to treat an infection

Front 6

Synergy (synergistic effect)

Back 6

drugs used together to enhance each other's actions for best therapeutic affect

Front 7

microbes for antibiotics and chemotherapy terminiology

Back 7

Front 8

narrow- spectrum

Back 8

drugs effective on small range of cell types

Front 9

medium-spectrum

Back 9

effective on gram + and gram - bacteria but not all types

Front 10

broad-spectrum

Back 10

large varieties of bacteria - most gram + and gram - as well as richettsias, mycoplasms and spirochetes

Front 11

drugs and effects on microbial groups

Back 11

Front 12

Spectrums (pg. 357)

Back 12

Front 13

antimicrobials and cell wall effects

Back 13

Front 14

Penicillin & bacterial cell walls (pg. 359)

Back 14

Front 15

Prokaryotic ribosome inhibition (pg. 340).

Back 15

Front 16

competitive inhibiton

Back 16

mimic normal substrate of enzyme

sulfonimides/ trimethoprim

Front 17

sulfonimides/trimethoprim

Back 17

mammals do not produce folic acid - obtain it as a derivetive of food

allows inhibition of bacterial cells and protozoan parasites (synthesize folic acid)

Front 18

sulfonimide action

Back 18

Front 19

beta lactam

Back 19

interferes with proteins involved in cell wall leading to lysis of cells

Front 20

penicillin

Back 20

treat large groups of bacterial infections

both synthetic and naturally derived

Front 21

cephalosporin

Back 21

versatile, broad spectrum - less allergic effect than penicillins

parenteral med

Front 22

parenteral medications

Back 22

injection route of medications (in muscles or veins)

Front 23

structure of cephalosporins

Back 23

Front 24

polymixins

Back 24

narrow-spectrum peptide antibiotic

B & E - used routinely

Front 25

fluoroquinolones

Back 25

synthetic

related to quinines

broad-spectrum

highly potent

absorbed by intestines

Front 26

aminoglycosides

Back 26

broad-spectrum

inhibit protein sysnthesis

Front 27

tetracyclines

Back 27

bind to ribosomes, block protein synthesis

broad spectrum

Front 28

antibiotic structures

Back 28

Front 29

azoles

Back 29

broad-spectrum antifungals

inhibit ergosterol & cell membrane synthesis

Front 30

antiviral drug cycles

Back 30

Front 31

anti-HIV drugs

Back 31

Front 32

Interferons

Back 32

glycoprotein primarily by fibroblasts

Front 33

Drug resistance

Back 33

toleration of drug that

Front 34

transfer of drug resistance (pg. 373)

Back 34

Front 35

Aquired drug resistance ( Pg. 374)

Back 35

Front 36

Natural selection of drug resistance (pg. 375)

Back 36

Front 37

Helpful strategies to limit drug resistance

Back 37

Front 38

toxicity

allergy

disruption of normal flora

Back 38

damage to a major organ from the effect of a drug

drug acts as antigen causing hypersensitivity

destruction of normal microbes in normal body chemistry

Front 39

superinfection

Back 39

when resistant microbes take over the body!

Front 40

major adverse toxic reactions

Back 40