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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Process of air moving in and out of lungs
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Pulmonary Ventilation
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Air into lungs, adjusted to body temperature, filtered, and humidified
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Trachea
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Large tubes that serve as primary conduits into each of the lungs. They further divide into bronchioles
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Bronchi
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Conduct the inspired air through a tortuous and narrow route until is mixes with the existing air in the alveolar ducts. Contain smooth muscle
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Bronchioles
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connects the trachea to air sacs in the lungs
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Bronchiol Tree
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Terminal branches of the respiratory system, elastic and thin walled, small blood gas barrier, 600 million membranous sacs within the lungs,gas exchange between lung tissue and blood
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Alveoli
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Pressure from lungs expanding and reduces to slightly below atmospheric pressure
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Intrapulmonic Pressure
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forced exhalation against a closed glottis
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Valsalva Maneuver
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Subjective distress in breathing during exercise. Results in shallow breathing, fatigue, dizziness, and passing out
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Dyspnea
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Narrowest part of the larynx where air passes in and out of the trachea
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Glottis
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Used to measure lung volume
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Spirometer
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Volume of air inhaled/exhaled in normal breathing
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Tidal Volume (TV)
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Maximal volume of air that can be inhaled following a normal inhalation. Breathing all your air out BELOW your TV
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Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
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Maximal volume of air that can be exhaled following a normal exhalation. Breathing all your air out ABOVE your TV
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Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
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Maximal volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. Amount of air in lungs minus what you can't blow out
IRV + ERV= |
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
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Volume of air remaining in lungs after maximal exhalation
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residual lung volume (RLV)
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Total volume of lungs
FVC + RLV= |
Total lung capacity (TLC)
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Keeps lungs inflated, decreases surface tension, and mixes with fluid around alveoli
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Surfactant
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Volume in lungs after tidal expiration
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Functional residual capacity (FRC)
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Rapid breathing, the residual volume is determined from the dilution of the lung's original nitrogen capacity
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Oxygen dilution method
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Indicated pulmonary airflow capacity. Healthy people average ~85% of FVC in 1 second
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FEV/FVC
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Volume of air breathed each minute. Increases during exercise. TV rarely exceeds 60% VC
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Minute ventilation
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averages 150-200 mL or 30%, air that doesn't enter the alveoli and is not involved in gas exchange with the blood. Found in conducting zone, increases as TV increases
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Dead space
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prevents drastic changes in alveolar air composition and ensures a consistency in arterial blood gases throughout the entire breathing cycle.
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alveolar ventilation
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Indicated pulmonary airflow capacity. Healthy people average ~85% of FVC in 1 second
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FEV/FVC
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Volume of air breathed each minute. Increases during exercise. TV rarely exceeds 60% VC
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Minute ventilation
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averages 150-200 mL or 30%, air that doesn't enter the alveoli and is not involved in gas exchange with the blood. Found in conducting zone, increases as TV increases
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Dead space
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prevents drastic changes in alveolar air composition and ensures a consistency in arterial blood gases throughout the entire breathing cycle.
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alveolar ventilation
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Indicated pulmonary airflow capacity. Healthy people average ~85% of FVC in 1 second
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FEV/FVC
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Volume of air breathed each minute. Increases during exercise. TV rarely exceeds 60% VC
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Minute ventilation
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averages 150-200 mL or 30%, air that doesn't enter the alveoli and is not involved in gas exchange with the blood. Found in conducting zone, increases as TV increases
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Dead space
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prevents drastic changes in alveolar air composition and ensures a consistency in arterial blood gases throughout the entire breathing cycle.
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alveolar ventilation
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