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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acute glomerulonephritis
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• inflammation of glomeruli
• sx-proteinuria, hematuria, edema, oliguria, dark urine • etio-usually follows strep infection • dx-abnormal UA, increase BUN, increase ESR • tx-antibiotics, diuretics, decrease salt in diet |
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Chronic glomerulonephritis
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• slowly progressive, first asymptomatic
• sx-increase chance to renal failure; uremic frost • etio-immune mechanisms • dx-same as acute, renal bx may confirm dx • tx-control edema and hypertension dialysis or transplant may be required |
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nephrotic syndrome=nephrosis
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• also called protein-losing kidney
• causes hypoalbumemia • 2nd to other disease • sx-leads to edema, increase BP, hematuria • etio-caused by kidney damage • dx-24-hour urine • tx-treat underlying cause, decrease protein and sodium in diet, corticosteroids |
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Acoute renal Failure
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• sudden onset, emergency
• sx-oligouria, altered consciousness • etio-damage to the kidney send to decrease in blood • dx- increase BUN, increase creatinine, and IVP • tx-increase renal perfusion, damage may be reversible |
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Chronic Renal Failure
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• gradual loss of nephrons, irreversible
• sx-hypertension and edema, multiple symptoms, uremic syndrome • etio-infection of kidney or polycystic • dx-BUN, UA, 24 hour UA, IVP • tx-underlying cause • tx-diuretics, antihypertensives, anti-infectives, antimetics |
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pyelonephritis
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• most common renal disease
• sx-abscess, pyuria, hematuria • etio-calculi, infection, pregnancy • etio-infection caused by bacterium, ascending (e. coli) • dx-CCUA • tx-antibiotics |
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hydronephrosis
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• dilation of renal pelvis, causes damage to nephrons
• etio-obstruction caused by calculi, tumors; usually right kidney • dx-retrograde pyelogram, cystoscopy • tx-depends on cause; remove obstruction |
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renal calculi
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• stones formed from mineral salts
• severe pain= renal colic • sx-pain, hematouria, N&V, fever • etio-hereditary tendency • minerals in blood; calcium |
