Chapter 11 - Respiratory System - Conditions & Symptoms

Front 1

Anthracosis

Back 1

Black lung - lung condition caused by inhalation of coal dust and silica.

Front 2

Apnea

Back 2

Temporary cessation of breathing

Front 3

Asphyxia

Back 3

Condition in which there is depletion of oxygen in the blood with an increase of carbon dixoide in the blood and tissues; symptoms include dyspnea, cyanosis, and rapid pulse.

Front 4

Asthma

Back 4

Disease of the bronchi. Characteristics: wheezing, dyspnea, and feeling of chest constriction.

Front 5

Atelectasis

Back 5

Condition of imperfect dilation of the lungs; collapse of an alveolus, a lobule or a larger lung unit.

Front 6

Bronchiectasis

Back 6

Chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi, with a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of a lung

Front 7

Bronchiolitis

Back 7

Inflammation of the bronchioles

Front 8

Bronchitis

Back 8

Inflammation of the bronchi

Front 9

Cheynes-Stokes respiration

Back 9

Rhythmic cycle of breathing with a gradual increase in respiration followed by apnea (which may last 10-60 secs) then a repeat of the same cycle.

Front 10

Cough.

Back 10

Sudden forceful expulsion of air from lungs; an essential protective response that clears irritants, secretions, or foreign objects from trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs.

Front 11

Croup/ARD

Back 11

Acute Respiratory Disease (ARD). Characteristics: Obstruction of larynx, a barking cough, dyspnea, hoarseness, and stridor.

Front 12

Cyanosis

Back 12

Abnormal condition of the skin and mucous membrane caused by oxygen deficiency in the blood; skin, fingernails, and mucous membranes can have a slightly bluish or grayish tone

Front 13

Cystic Fibrosis (CF).

Back 13

Inherited disease that affects the pancreas, respiratory system, and sweat glands. The gene responsible for this condition has been identified, and persons carrying the gene can be determined through genetic testing.

Front 14

Diaphragmatocele

Back 14

Hernia of the diaphragm

Front 15

Dysphonia

Back 15

Condition of difficulty in speaking, also called hoarseness

Front 16

Dyspnea

Back 16

Difficulty in breathing

Front 17

Emphysema.

Back 17

Chronic pulmonary disease in which alveoli become distended and alveolar walls become damaged or destroyed making it difficult to exhale air from the lungs.

Front 18

Empyema.

Back 18

Pus in body cavity, especially the pleural cavity.

Front 19

Epistaxis.

Back 19

Nosebleed; usually results from traumatic or spontaneous rupture of blood vessels in the mucous membranes of the nose.

Front 20

Eupnea

Back 20

Good or normal breathing

Front 21

Hemoptysis

Back 21

Spitting up blood

Front 22

Hyperpnea

Back 22

Excessive or rapid breathing

Front 23

Hypoxia

Back 23

Condition of deficient amounts of oxygen in the inspired air

Front 24

Influenza.

Back 24

Acute, contagious respiratory infection caused by virus. Onset is usually sudden, and symptoms are fever, chills, headache, myalgia, cough, and sore throat.

Front 25

Laryngitis

Back 25

Inflammation of the larynx (voice box)

Front 26

Legionnaires' disease.

Back 26

Sever pulmonary pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophillia.

Front 27

Mesothelioma

Back 27

Malignant tumor of mesothelium (serous membrane of the pleura) caused by inhalation of asbestos.

Front 28

Multidrug-Resistant TB.

Back 28

TB bacteria that are resistant to treatment with one of each of the major tuberculosis medications. More dangerous are strains resistant to at least two anti-TB drugs, leading to a condition called Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB). MDR TB can develop when people either do not complete the entire course of medication or fail to take medications as prescribed; when wrong kind of treatment is prescribed, or when drug supply is inconsistent - problem particular to impoverished or war-torn areas. MDR TB can be treated successfully but more difficult to combat that regular tuberculosis, requires long-term therapy-up to two years, and with drugs that cause serious side effects.

Front 29

Nasopharyngitis

Back 29

Inflammation of the nose and pharynx (throat)

Front 30

Orthopnea

Back 30

Inability to breathe unless in an upright or straight position

Front 31

Pertussis

Back 31

Whooping cough. Acute infectious disease caused by bacterium Bordetella pertussis; characterized by peculiar paroxysmal cough ending in a "crowing" or "Whooping" sound.

Front 32

Pharyngitis

Back 32

Inflammation of the pharynx (throat)

Front 33

Pleurisy

Back 33

Inflammation of the pleura caused by injury, infection, or tumor.

Front 34

Pleuritis

Back 34

Inflammation of the pleura

Front 35

Pleurodynia

Back 35

Pain in the pleura

Front 36

Pneumoconiosis

Back 36

Abnormal condition of the lung caused by the inhalation of dust particles such as coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos (asbestosis)

Front 37

Pneumonia

Back 37

Inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or chemical irritants.

Front 38

Pneumonitis

Back 38

Inflammation of the lung

Front 39

Pneumothorax

Back 39

Collection of air in the chest cavity

Front 40

Pyothorax

Back 40

Pus in the chest cavity

Front 41

Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).

Back 41

Condition that occurs in premature infant in which lungs are not matured enough to manufacture lecithin, a pulmonary surfactant, resulting in collapse of alveoli, which leads to cyanosis and hypoxia; also called hyaline membrane disease (HMD).

Front 42

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection

Back 42

Viral infection responsible for severe respiratory diseases (bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia) in infants and children under 1 year of age; symptoms include fever, runny nose, cough, and sometimes wheezing

Front 43

Rhinorrhea

Back 43

Discharge from the nose

Front 44

Rhonchus.

Back 44

Rale or rattling sound in throat or bronchial tubes caused by partial obstruction.

Front 45

Sarcoidosis.

Back 45

Chronic granulomatous condition that can involve almost any organ system of the body, usually involves the lungs, causing dyspnea on exertion.

Front 46

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Back 46

Contagious respiratory infecting that was first described in Feb 2003; serious form of pneumonia resulting in acute respiratory distress and sometimes death.

Front 47

Sinusitis

Back 47

Inflammation of a sinus

Front 48

Sputum

Back 48

Substance coughed up from the lungs; can be watery, thick, purulent, clear, or bloody and can contain microorganisms.

Front 49

Stridor.

Back 49

High-pitched sound caused by obstruction of air passageway.

Front 50

Tachypnea

Back 50

Fast breathing

Front 51

Tonsillitis

Back 51

Inflammation of the tonsils

Front 52

Trachealgia

Back 52

Pain in the trachea (windpipe)