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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is factor analysis
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a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie one's total score
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what is general intelligence (g)
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underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
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what is savant syndrome
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a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, like computation or drawing
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what are three aspects of successful intelligence according to Sternberg's triarchic theory
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Analytical (academic problem-solving)- assessed by intelligence tests, well-defined problems with one right answer
creative-reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas practical intelligence-required for everyday tasks, often ill-defined with multiple solutions |
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what is emotion intelligence
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the ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions
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why is it difficult to define intelligence
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because it is a socially constructed concept that differs from culture to culture.
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what are the two big controversies in current research on intelligence
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whether it is one overall ability or many
whether neuro scientists can locate and measure intelligence within the brain |
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what does it mean to reify intelligence
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to treat it as though it were a real object not an abstract concept
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what is a current definition of intelligence
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the ability to learn from experience, solve problems and adapt to new situations
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what are the eight independent intelligences that Gardner proposes
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linguistic, logical-mathmatical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinestetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, natural
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what are four aspects of emotional intelligence
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ability to perceive emotions, understand emotions, manage emotions and use emotions
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what is the relationship between creativity and intelligence
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different brain areas are active when we engage in convergent thinking (intelligence test) and divergent thinking (multiple imaginative solutions
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is there a correlation between brain size and intelligence
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recent studies support this to some degree. Direction of relation is not clear.
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what is an intelligence test
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a method for assessing an individual' mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
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what is mental age
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a measure of inteligence test performance devised by Binet. The chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus a child who does as well as the average 8 year old is said to have a mental age of 8
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What is Intelligence quotient (IQ)
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the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. Today the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100
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what is an aptitude test
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a test designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn
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what is an achievement test
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test designed to assess what a person has learned
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
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the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests
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What is standardization
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defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group
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normal curve
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the symmetrical bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes
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define reliablity
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the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting
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define validity
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the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
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define content validity
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the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
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define criterion
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the behavior (college grades) that a test (SAT)is designed to predict. Does the test have predictive validity
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define predictive validity
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the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior
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Who developed the first intellegence test
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Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in France
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define mental retardation
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a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by and intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound
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downs syndrome
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a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by and extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup
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what is a stereotype threat
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a self confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
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is intelligence inherited
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studies of twins, family members and adopted children support idea that genetics do contribute to intelligence.
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what does heritability of intelligence refer to
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the extent to which variation in intelligence test scores in a group of people being studied is attributable to genetic factors.
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is there environmental influence on individual intelligence
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yes, environmental influence is significant
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are intelligence test biased
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they are sensitive to performance differences caused by cultural experience. But not considered to be significantly baised
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