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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Accounting perspectives
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Perspectives underlying decisions on which categories of goods and services to include as costs or benefits in an efficiency analysis
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Benefits
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Positive program outcomes
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Costs
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Inputs, both direct and indirect, required to produce an intervention
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Discounting
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The treatment of time in valuing costs and benefits of a program in efficiency analysis. You adjust costs and benefits to their appropriate values, requiring a choice of discount and time frame.
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Distributional effects
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Effects of program that result in a redistribution of resources in the general population
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Ex ante efficiency analysis
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An efficiency analysis undertaken prior to program implementation, usually as a part of program planning to estimate net outcomes in relation to costs.
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Ex post efficiency analysis
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an efficiency analysis undertaken after a program's outcomes are known.
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Internal rate of return
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The calculated value for the discount rate necessary for total discounted program benefits to equal total discounted program costs.
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Net benefits
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The total discounted benefits minus the total discounted costs. (net rate of return)
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Opportunity costs
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The value of opportunities forgone because of an intervention program
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Secondary effects
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Effects of a program that impose costs on persons or groups who are not targets
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Shadow prices
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Imputed or estimated costs of goods and service not valued accurately in the marketplace. Shadow prices also are used when market prices are inappropriate due to regulation or externalities.
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