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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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About 3,000 years ago, a group of people called the _____ lived along the Gulf coast in what is now southern Mexico.
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Olmec
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Floodwaters would leave behind a layer of _____ on the land near the rivers. This allowed for better farming.
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alluvial soil
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The steady food supply and the division of labor allowed for the growth of ______.
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cities
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The present day cities of San Lorenzo and La Venta once were used as _____ and trade centers for the Olmec.
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religious
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Most Olmec city-dwellers were from the _____, an upper class of priests and nobles.
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elite
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Some historians believe the Olmec may have devolped the _____ writing system that was used by many Mesoamerican civilizations.
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glyph
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The Olmec worshipped many gods, but the _____ was their chief god.
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jaguar
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Large mounds were built in the center of the cities. These mounds were later replaced by _____ that may have been used as religious centers.
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pyramids
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Historians believe the Olmec influenced other cultures mainly through ____.
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trade
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Goods and _____ were exchanged at the trade centers.
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knowledge
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Around 500 B.C. the Olmec began to _____ their cities. The reason for this remains unclear.
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abandon
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Many historians consider the Olmec civilization a _____, because they strongly influenced other cultures.
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mother culture
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The _____ consist of groups ofo Mesoamerican peoples who speak various forms of the Mayan language.
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Maya
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Most of the Mayan highland villages were located in what is now _____.
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Guatemala
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The lowland villages of the Maya were located in what is now northern Guatemala, _____, and the Yucatan Peninsula.
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Belize
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The division of labor in Mayan society resulted in the development of a _____.
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class system
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Kings governed cities and performed the religious duties of _____.
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priests
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The _____ consisted of the kings and their families.
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ruling class
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Most Mayan peasants worked as _____.
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farmers
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The Maya believed they had been created out of _____ and that was their most important crop.
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maize
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The _____ probably included scholars, architects, and merchants. They were educated and wealthy.
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nobility
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The Maya used their math skills to develop an accurate _____ to help identify the best times to plant seeds and harvest crops.
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calendar
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The main god of Mayan civilization was _____.
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ItzamNa
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Many Mayan gods were represented as _____.
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animals
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The Mayan would offer _____ and pray and fast to get help from their gods.
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sacrifices
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The time period between A.D. 250 and 900 was known as the _____ period and the Maya built an advanced civilization at that time.
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Classical
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Many Mayan cities had _____ which were large stone monuments with carved glyphs to represent important dates and great events.
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steles
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_____ was a great Mayan king of the city of Palenque. He took the throne at age 12 and ruled for 70 years.
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Pacal II
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Kings would declare war on neighboring cities for political or _____ advantages.
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economic
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The Maya developed a mathematical system based on the number _____.
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20
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