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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sterilization |
The destruction of all life forms including endospores; (strictly speaking not possible because prions are tough to destroy.) |
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Disinfection |
Destruction of pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects; may not destroy endospores. |
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Antisepsis |
The destruction of pathogenic organisms on living organisms. |
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Degerming |
Physical removal of microorganisms fro Surfaces; e.g. Washing hands and taking a bath |
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Sanitation |
Reduction of microorganisms to a level deemed safe by public health guidelines as in restaurants. |
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Sepsis |
Bacterial contamination |
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Bacteremia |
Presence of bacteria in blood |
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Septicemia |
Presence of actively reproducing bacteria in blood. |
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Suffixes -cide -stat or stasis |
-cide: to kill; biocide, germicide, fungicide, etc. -stat or stasis: inhibit the growth of; fungistasis, bacteriostatic |
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Methods controlling microorganisms |
Physical means Chemical means Mechanical means |
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Efficiency depends on: (5) |
-# of microbes -microbe characteristics -environment -concentration and mode of action - organic matter |
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Physical methods |
-heat -radiation -filtration |
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Heat types (2) |
- moist heat -dry heat |
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Moist heat |
-boiling -pasteurization -steam under pressure |
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Boiling |
100 degrees Celsius for 10-30 minutes |
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Pasteurization |
Reduces spoilage caused by microbes and kills pathogens. |
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Steam under pressure |
Autoclaving 121 degrees Celsius 15 psi for 15 minutes (destroys spores) |
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Dry heat (3) |
-flaming (inoculating) -hot air -incineration |
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Hot air |
Effective at 170 degrees Celsius for 2 hours |
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Incineration |
Destroys microbes to ashes or gas -Bunsen burner 1870 degrees Celsius -furnace 800-6500 degrees Celsius |
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Radiation |
-ionizing: X-rays, gamma rays, electron beams -nonionizing: UV and microwaves |
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Filtration |
Removes microbes and spores from liquids and air |
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Classes of chemical agents (10) |
-phenols -biguanides -halogens -alcohols -heavy metals -surfactants Aldehydes -peroxygens -gases -dyes, acids, and alkaline |
