Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Group
|
A collection of people who are perceived to be bonded together in a coherent unit to some degree
|
|
|
Common-bond Groups
|
Groups that tend to involve face-to-face interaction and in which individual members are bonded to each other
|
|
|
Common-Identity Groups
|
Face-to-face interaction is often absent, and the members are linked together via the category as a whole rather than each other
|
|
|
Entitativity
|
The extent to which a group is perceived as begin a coherent entity
|
|
|
Status
|
The individuals position or rank within the group
|
|
|
Roles
|
The set of behaviours that individuals occupying specific positions within a group are expected to perform
|
|
|
Norms
|
Rules/expectations within a group concerning how its members should (should not) behave
|
|
|
Collectivism
|
Groups where the norm is to maintain harmony among groups members, even if doing so might entail some personal costs
|
|
|
Individualism
|
In such groups the norms is to value standing out from the group and being different from others; individual variability is to be expected and disagreement among members is tolerated
|
|
|
Cohesiveness
|
All forces (factors) that cause group members to remain in the group
|
|
|
Politicized Collective Identity
|
Recognizing shared grievances and engaging in a power struggle on behalf of one's devalued group
|
|
|
Ideology
|
The philosophical and political values that govern a group
|
|
|
Schism
|
Splintering of a group into distinct factions following an ideological rift among members
|
|
|
Distraction-Conflict Thoery
|
A theory suggesting that social facilitation stems from the conflict produced when individuals attempt, simultaneously, to pay attention to the other people present and to the task being performed
|
|
|
Additive Tasks
|
Tasks for which the groups product is the sum/combination of the efforts of individual members
|
|
|
Social Loafing
|
Reduction in motivation and effort when individuals work in a group compared to when they work individually
|
|
|
Hooliganism
|
Negative stereotype about how people behave in crowds at sporting events
|
|
|
Deindivduation
|
A psychological state characterized by reduced self-awareness brought on by external; conditions, such as being an anonymous member is a large crowd
|
|
|
Cooperation
|
Behaviour in which groups work together to attain shared goals
|
|
|
Conflict
|
A process in which individuals/groups perceive that others have taken or will soon take actions incompatible with their own interests
|
|
|
Social Dilemmas
|
Situations in which each person can increase his/her individual gains by acting in one way, but is all (or most) people do the same thing, the outcomes experienced by all are reduced
|
|
|
Superordinate Goals
|
Goals that both sides to a conflict seek and that tie their interests together rather than driving them apart
|
|
|
Distributive Justice (fairness)
|
Refers to individuals judgements about whether they are receiving a fair share of available rewards - a share proportionate to their contributions to the group or any social relationship
|
|
|
Procedural Justice
|
Judgements concerning the fairness of the procedures used to distribute available rewards among group members
|
|
|
Transactional Justice
|
Extent ti which people who distribute rewards explain or justify their decisions and show respect and courtesy to those who receive the rewards
|
|
|
Decision Making
|
Processes involved in combining and integrating available information to choose one out of several possible courses of action
|
|
|
Group Polarization
|
The tendency of a group member to shift toward more extreme positions than those they initially held by the individual members as a result of group discussion
|
|
|
Groupthink
|
The tendency of the members of highly cohesive groups to assume that their decisions can't be wrong, that all members must support the group's decisions strongly, and that information contrary to it should be ignored
|
|
|
Brainstorming
|
A process where people meet as a group to generate new ideas freely
|
