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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation
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the force that moves people to behave, think, and feel the way they do.
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Instinct
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an innate (unlearned) , biological pattern of behavior that is assumed to be universal throughout a species
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Drive
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an aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need
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need
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a deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation
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homeostasis
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the body's tendency to maintain an equilibrium, or steady state.
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Yerkes-Dodson Law
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principal stating that performance is best under conditions of moderate arousal rather than low or high arousal
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Set Point
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the weight maintained when no effort is made to gain or lose weight
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Anorexia Nervosa
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an eating disorder that involves the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation
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Bulimia Nervosa
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an eating disorder in which the individual consistently follows a binge-and-purge eating pattern.
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Estrogens
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The main class of female hormones, produced principally by the ovaries
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Androgens
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the class of sex hormones the predominate in males, they are produced by the testes in males and by the adrenal glads in both males and females
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Human Sexual Response Pattern
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identified by masters and johnson, the four phases of physical reactions that occur in humans as a result of sexual stimulation. These phases are excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
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Sexual Orientation
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the direction of the person's erotic interests, whether heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual,
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Hierarchy of needs
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Maslow's view that individuals' main needs are satisfied in the following sequence: physiological, safety, love, and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization.
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self-actualization
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the highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs; the motivation to develop one's full potential as a human being.
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self-determination theory
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a theory of motivation that proposes that three basic, organismic needs (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) characterize intrinsic motivation
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intrinsic motivation
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motivation that is based on internal factors such as organismic needs( autonomy, competence, and relatedness) as well as curiosity, challenge and effort.
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extrinsic motivation
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motivation that involve external incentives such as rewards and punishments
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self-regulation
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the process by which an organism pursues important objectives, centrally involving getting feedback about how we are doing in our goal pursuits
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emotion
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feeling, or affect, that can involve physiological arousal, conscious experience, and behavioral expression.
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polygraph
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a machine that monitors bodily changes thought to be influenced by emotional states; it is used by examiners to try to determine whether someone is lying
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James-Lange theory
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theory stating that emotion results from physiological states triggered by stimuli in the enviroment
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Cannon-Bard theory
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theory stating that emotion and physiological reactions occur simultaneous
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two-factor theory of emotion
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Schachter and singer's theory that emotion is determined by two main factors: physiological arousal and cognitive labeling.
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facial feedback hypothesis
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the idea that facial expressions can influence emotions as well as reflect them
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display rules
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sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed.
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broaden-and-build model
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A model emphasizing that the key to the adaptiveness of positive emotional states lies in their effects on our attention and our ability to build resources
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cartharsis
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the release of anger or aggressive energy by directly or vicariously engaging in anger or aggression; this hypothesis states that behaving angrily or watching others behave angrily reduces subsequent anger.
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