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24 Cards in this Set

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Autotrophs

Organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms

Photoautotrophs

An organism that harnesses light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compound from carbon dioxide

Chemoautotrophs

An organism that needs only carbon dioxide as a carbon source but obtains energy by oxidizing inorganic subtances

Chlorophyll

Green pigment located within the chloroplasts of plants

Mesophyll

Ground tissue of a leaf, sandwiched between upper and lower epidermis and specialized for photosynthesis

Stomata

Microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allow gas exchange

Light reaction

Steps in photosynthesis that occur on thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast and convert solar energy to chemical energy of ATP and NADPH

Evolving oxygen

Calvin cycle

Second of two major stages in photosynthesis involving atmospheric CO2 fixation and reduction of fixed carbon into carbohydrate

Follows light reaction

Carbon fixation

Incorporation of carbon from from CO2 into organic compound by an autotrophic organism

Photophosphorylation

Process of generating ATP from. ADP and phosphate by means of a proton motive force generated by thylakoid membrane of chloroplast firing light reactions

Wave length

Distance between crests of waves, such as electromagnetic spectrum

Visible light

Portion of electromagnetic spectrum detected as various colors by the human eye

380nm-750nm

Chlorophyll a

Type of blue-green photosynthetic pigment that participates directly in light reactions

Reaction center

Complex of proteins associated w 2 special chlorophyll a molecules and a primary electron acceptor. Located in photosystem, triggers light reactions of photosynthesis

Primary electron acceptor

Specialized molecule sharing the reaction center with the pair of chlorophyll a molecules; accepts an electron from these

Photosystem I

One of two light capturing units in a chloroplasts thylakoid membrane: has 2 molecules of P700 chlorophyll a

Photosystem II

One of two light capturing units in chloroplasts thylakoid membrane: two molecules of P680 chlorophyll a

Cyclic electron flow

Route of electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis that involves only photosystem I and produces ATP, not NADPH or oxygen

Non-cyclic electron flow

Route of electron flow during light reactions of photosynthesis that involves both photosystems and produces ATP, NADPH and oxygen

C3 plants

Uses the Calvin cycle for initial steps that incorporate CO2 into organic material, forming 3-carbon compound

C4 plants

Plant that prefaces the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into 4-carbon compound, which then supplies CO2 for Calvin cycle

CAM plants

Uses crassulacean acid metabolism, an adaption for photosynthesis in arid conditions. Carbon dioxide entering stomata during night is converted to organic acids

Heterotrophs

An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products

Electromagnetic spectrum

Entire spectrum of radiation ranging in wavelength from less than a nanometer to more than a kilometer