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16 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Industrial Revolution
The time period in which the growth of industry spread from Britain to the US.
Reasons New England was ideal for the growth of factories (4 reasons)
-The soil was poor, which made farming hard so people were willing to leave their farms to find other work
-There were plenty of rivers and streams to provide waterpower
-It was close to coal and iron resources
-There were many ports for finished products
capital
money for investment
technology
the application of scientific discoveries to practical use
Oliver Evans
from Delaware, improved the steam engine and developed a mechanical flour mill
Eli Whitney
invented the cotton gin in 1793, devised a manufacturing method to produce interchangeable parts
cotton gin
a simple machine that quickly and efficiently removed the cotton seeds from the fiber
Samuel Slater
A British man who memorized the design of Richard Arkwright's spinning machine and snuck off to the US where he duplicated Arkwright's machines and controlled a mill in Pawtucket, RI
patent
gives an inventor the sole legal right to the invention and its profits for a certain period of time
factory system
a system bringing manufacturing steps together in one place to increase efficiency
Francis Cabot Lowell
A wealthy New Englander who traveled to Britain where he visited textile mills and secretly drew their machine designs. He returned to the US, started the Boston Manufacturing Company and improved on the British designs. His mill in Waltham, MA launched the factory system
Lowell's girls
young girls, between the ages of 15 and 30, although they could be younger, who left for the factories to earn wages and work on their own. Many tired of the monotonous work and left to seek jobs as maids or teachers.
interchangeable pats
uniform parts that could replace any other identical pieces
Tariff of 1806
This law placed a tax on imported goods to protect American industries from British competition
Second Bank of the United States
Established in 1806. It had the power to establish a national currency and to make large loans to businesses. It helped strengthen the economy.
Life in cities
Buildings were made of stone or brick. The streets were filthy and animals roamed all over. Fires were a constant threat, as was disease like yellow fever. There were so many jobs that people often ignored these risks.