Chapter 10. Lifestyle, Diet, And Habits

Front 1

A well-balanced diet

Back 1

-may prevent chronic illness, and indirectly decrease need for drug therapy
-influences pharmacokinetics of many drugs

Front 2

The nutritional status of a patient can be altered by

Back 2

-a chronic disease, or as an adverse effect of drug therapy

Front 3

Dietary Factors affecting drug efficacy

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-if dietary factors are altered, may produce different effects than would normally occur.
-diminished protein status can increase concentration of free drug available
-excessive intake of vitamins may adversely affect action of some drugs

Front 4

Drug Therapy and Nutritional Status

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-affect almost every nutrient
-particularly A & B vitamins

Front 5

Complementary Nutritional Therapies

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-use of nutritional supplements and herbal/botanical is often an alternative therapy. Includes basic food elements, vitamins, and minerals

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Types of Nutrtional Supplements

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-protein
-carbohydrates
-fat
-dietary fiber
-vitamins
-minerals

Front 7

Protein

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may draw on diet or tissue protein for energy when carbs and fats are inadequate.
-quality protein should provide 15-20% of diet
-building muscle mass may take amino acid supplements and eat excess protein.
-ingested amounts greater than body loss are converted into fat

Front 8

Carbohydrates

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sugars and starches
-most common dietary component
-main source for fuel and energy
-50-60% of total calories

Front 9

Fats

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-from animal and plant sources provide the body's alternate or storage form of heat and energy
-no more than 25%-30% total intake
-triglycerides are predominant dietary lipids
-essential fatty acids must be supplied in diet

Front 10

Dietary Fiber

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-group of plant substances resistant to human digestion
-water-retention ability is important
-may be recommended to treat or prevent constipation

Front 11

Vitamins

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-chemically diverse group of organic compounds needed to maintaim health
-must be obtained exogenously
-may be prescribed when general nutritional status is poor, oral intake insufficient or additional demand

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Minerals

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major- calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium
Function- energy metabolism, membrane transport, and maintenance of membrane potential

Front 13

Microminerals

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trace elements.
most important are chromium, copper, iron, selenium, and zinc
-present in minute amounts in body tissues, essential to optimal growth, health, and development

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Herbal and Botanical Preparations

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-those substances derived from a plant source and used as a dietary supplement or medication
-due to increased OTC use, Western medicine has begin to study these

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Patient education in regards to nutrition

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the key to maximizing the therapeutic effect or minimizing the adverse effect of drug therapy