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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intelligence |
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situation. |
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Intelligence Test |
A method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores. |
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General Intelligence (g) |
A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test. |
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Factor Analysis |
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlies a person's total score. |
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Savant Syndrome |
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing. |
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Spearman's General Intelligence (g) |
A basic intelligence predicts our abilities in varied academic areas. |
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Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities |
Our intelligence may be broken down into seven factors; word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and memory. |
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Gardner's Multiple Intelligences |
Our abilities are best classified into eight independent intelligence, which include a broad range of skills beyond traditional school smarts. |
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Sternberg's Triarchic |
Our intelligence is best classified into three areas that predict real-world success: analytical, creative, practical. |
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Emotional Intelligence |
The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. |
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Who Created the first Intelligence Test? |
Alfred Binet |
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Mental Age |
A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8. |
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Stanford-Binet |
The widely used American revision of Binet's original Intelligence test. |
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Intelligence Quotient (IQ) |
Defined originally as the ration of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100. IQ=ma/ca x 100 |
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Achievement Test |
A test designed to assess what a person has learned |
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Aptitude test |
A test designed to predict a person's future performance. |
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Wechsier Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) |
The most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtest. |
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Standardization |
Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group. |
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Normal Curve |
The symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes.Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes. |
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Reliability |
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on the retesting. |
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Validity |
The extent to which a test sample measures or predicts what it is supposed to. |
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Crystallized Intelligence |
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age. |
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Fluid Intelligence |
Our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood. |
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Content Validity |
The extent to which a test samples the behaviors that is of interest. |
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Predictive Validity |
The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. |
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Cohort |
A group of people from a given time period. |
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Down Syndrome |
A condition of mind to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosomw 21. |
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Heritability |
The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. |
