• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/19

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Ear

Parts of Ear

Outer ear: Pinna,Ear canal


Middle ear: Ossicles(Malleus, Incus, Stapes)Inner ear: Cochlea/Auditorynerve

Outer Ear, common disorders

-Pina, Ear Canal


-Localizationof sound sourceProtectsmiddle and inner earIncreasessound


-Bornwithout ear (atresia)


-Bornwith smaller ear (microtia)


-Amplificationoptions include:Bone-anchoredhearing aids (BAHA)

Middle Ear

Tympanicmembrane (ear drum) 
Ossicles: 
Malleus 
Incus 
Stapes

Tympanicmembrane (ear drum)


Ossicles:


Malleus


Incus


Stapes

Inner Ear

Cochlea


-Organof Corti


-Innerhair cells


-Outerhair cells

Hearing Loss

-Physicalcondition in which an individual is unable to detect or distinguish the fullrange of sounds normally available to the human ear-Result from prenatal, perinatal,or postnatal damage to any one of the structures that carry auditoryinformation from the external world to the brain centers that process auditoryinformation


-Conductive loss: abnormality,disorder, and/or damage to the outer or middle ear


-Sensorineural loss: abnormality,disorder, and/or damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve


-Mixed loss: combinesboth conductive and sensorineural


-Bilaterally: bothears affected


-Unilaterally: oneear is affected and the other is intact


Hearingloss: a heterogeneous group based on typeof loss and timing andseverityof the loss-Auditory processing disorder (APD):hearing loss that results from damage to the centers of the brain that processauditory information


-Congenital hearing loss:hearing loss present at birth


--About 50% of cases of congenitalhearing loss occur for unknown reasons


--More prevalent causes includegenetic transmission, in-utero infections, prematurity, pregnancycomplications, and trauma during the birthing process


-Severity: mild to profound Identify severity of loss using the decibel scale (dB), which is the standard unit of sound intensity, or loudness

Conductive Hearing Loss

-Mayor may not be a permanent hearing lossMissingor damaged ossiclesvs. otitis media


-Treatmentoptions may include: Medications/Antibiotics


PETubesBone-AnchoredHearing Aids (BAHA) or Hearing Aids


Surgery(Ossicles)

SensorineuralHearing Loss

Loss due to problems inthe cochlea, the auditory nerve, or any of the other nerves linking the cochleato the auditory cortex of the brain


Causes include:


-Drug-induced damage to the cochlea (ex: antibioticssuch as gentamicin; chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin)


-Traumatic damage of the cochlea (ex: noise-inducedtrauma, head injury, penetrating injury to the inner ear)


-Age-related damage to the cochlea (presbycusis)


-Tumor on the auditory nerve (acoustic neuroma)


-Certain infections, such as meningitis


-Maternal rubella


Generally a permanent hearing loss


Some sounds are not heard, some are heard but may be distorted


Most often see high frequency hearing loss Treatment options may include:


-Hearing aids


-Cochlear implants


-Assistive listening devices

Prelingual and post lingual Hearing Loss

-Prelingual hearing loss: acquiredafter birth but before the child has developed language


-Postlingual hearing loss: acquiredsometime after the child has developed language



Hearing Loss Range

-Range of human hearing: zero dB (the threshold of sound)to 140 dB


-dB scale: identifythe threshold at which an individual with hearing loss is able to hear sound:


16 to 25 dB: minimal loss


26 to 40 dB: mild loss


41 to 55 dB: moderate loss


56 to 70 dB: moderately severeloss


71 to 90 dB: severe loss


91dB or higher: profound loss

Impact on Language Development

Extentto which hearing loss impacts a child’s development of language:


-Timing ofthe loss


-Severityof the loss


-Age ofidentification*


Exposureto language input*


*stronglyrelated to whether the child with hearing loss proceeds along a path of typicalor atypical language acquisition

Hearing Loss: Cause and Risk Factors

-50%of young children experience fluctuating hearing loss as a result of chronicotitis media (conductive)


-Fewchildren exhibit severe or profound permanent hearing loss


1 to 2% of students


8% of children exhibit hearingloss that is serious enough to impact their language and educationalachievement

Commonly used Communication Modalities

-ASL


-Cued Speech


-Total Communication


-Auditory Oral


-Auditory Verbal

Hearing Loss Stats

Statistics:


-Approximately28-32 million people in the United States have a significant hearing loss.


-Approximately2 million are under the age of 18.


-40-60%of all children with hearing loss have additional medical needs.


Universal Newborn Hearing Screenings

-Anestimated 16,000 babies will be diagnosed each year once UNHS is fully adopted.


-Currently,43 states have some type of UNHS legislation in place.


-Significanthearing loss occurs in 1 to 3 per 1000 newborns in the well-baby nursery.

Team for kids with hearing loss

-Parents


-Deaf Educators


-Speech-Language Pathologists


-Audiologists


-Occupational Therapists


-Physical Therapists

What can SLPs Offer

-Howchild is performing in quiet


-Howchild performs with structured settings


-Individualtime with parents/family members


-Multipleopportunities for practice


-Differentialdiagnosis about speech/language errors

What can AUDs offer

-Programming Changes


-retention options


-technology options


-wear-time information


-speech perception results


-(less) familiar intelligibility

What can Deaf Educators Offer

-Classroom behavior


-Classroom rules & reinforcement strategies


-Generalization information


-Performance in noise


-Performance with peers


-Performance in less structured environments