Chapter 10: Electing Leaders

Front 1

Nomination by Convention

Back 1

Just basically when delegates elected by the various committees in the state's political organization, get together in a convention to vote.

Front 2

National Committee

Back 2

1. Made up of one man/woman from each state.
a)Chosen in three ways: elected by a state convention, by voters in a statewide election, or chosen by the state central committee.
b)Its responsible for selecting the city in which the national nomination committee is to be held.

Front 3

National Nominating Conventions

Back 3

1. Held during the summer of election year.
2. Held in a great convention hall and the party platform is given.

Front 4

One-Party System

Back 4

A political system in which a single political party controls the government and all other parties are banned.

Front 5

Why was the Electoral College set up?

Back 5

Those who planned the government were uncertain how successful the people of the new republic would be in choosing wise leaders.

Front 6

Local Committees

Back 6

1. Elected by committee members and serve local party leaders.
a)recommendations made for political appointments/candidates for office.
b)they are there basically for harmony; keeping committees from arguing.

Front 7

Registering to Vote

Back 7

1. Permanent registration allows a one-time registration to vote for life as long as their address remains the same.
2. Periodic registration allows voters to register before each election or at certain pre-set times.

Front 8

Third Party

Back 8

A minor political party in a two-party system.

Front 9

State Qualifications for Voting

Back 9

1. Can't deny any citizen to vote based on race, color, or gender.
2. Voting Rights Act in 1965 prohibits states from using literacy tests or any other tests as requirement for voting.
3. A convicted person, a mentally incompetent person, violators of election-laws, or homeless people may not be allowed to vote.

Front 10

What Happened in the 1992 Election?

Back 10

Independent Ross Perot ran against Democrat Bill Clinton and Republican George Bush. Although election results gave the nation's highest office to Clinton, Perot won 19% of the votes.

Front 11

Choosing Convention Delegates

Back 11

1. Presidential primaries are held.
2. Smaller states often choose candidates by their party leaders in state conventions.

Front 12

Coalition

Back 12

An agreement between two or more political parties to work together to run a government.

Front 13

What is the difference between an electoral vote and a popular vote?

Back 13

The electoral vote is the vote cast by the Electoral College for President and V.P. While a popular vote are the votes cast by citizens in a presidential election.

Front 14

Where are the different political prties found?

Back 14

One-Party System: Cuba
Two-Party System: U.S.
Multi-Party System: Italy

Front 15

"Hat in the Ring"

Back 15

Just means you're going to run for a certain public office.

Front 16

Multi-Party System

Back 16

A political system in which many political parties play a role in government.

Front 17

Electoral College

Back 17

1. Citizens vote for the presidential candidate (indirectly). They choose the electors.
2. Electors have the same amount of members as there are senators and representatives in the state (538 electors/electoral college).
3. Votes are sent to the Presidents pro Tempore (leader of the Senate).

Front 18

State Central Committee

Back 18

1. Chairperson of committee is important (member of the National Committee).
a)Represents the prty organization in each state.
b)Works to raise money for campaigns and help candidates win.

Front 19

What two states can split their Electoral Votes?

Back 19

Virginia and Maine

Front 20

Political Party

Back 20

An organization of citizens who have similiar views on issues and who work to put their ideas into effect through government action.

Front 21

Choosing a Presidential Candidate.

Back 21

1. President and V.P must come from the same party otherwise they would argue and break apart the government.
2. Nomination-roll call taken, delegate makes a speech, and candidate is chosen to run.
3. Favorite son/daughter-popular in their state, but has the least chance of being elected.
4. Balloting-majority needed of roll call procedure votes.

Front 22

Multi-Party/Third Party System.

Back 22

1. Can be called a democracy or republic.
2. Allows the people another choice during an election.
a)Can be used to help one
party or the other (1912)
b)Strong showings can have
have an effect on an
election (1992)

Front 23

General Election

Back 23

1. Takes place during the first Tuesday following the first Monday in November.
a) Usually held every four years on even-numbered years (President)
2. Voting has changed in history
a)Earlier was "secret". Still have the secret vote, but the machinery has made it easier to county the total votes.

Front 24

Two-Party system

Back 24

A political system with two strong political parties.

Front 25

What are the top 6 states that have the most Electoral Colleges and what are their numbers (in order from greatest to least)?

Back 25

California: 54
New York: 33
Texas: 32
Floriday: 25
Pennsylvania: 23
Illinois: 22

Front 26

What Happened in the 1912 Election?

Back 26

In 1912 Theodore Roosevelt was denied the presidential nomination of the Republican party and organized a third party called the Progressive Party. Roosevel ran for president as the nominee of this party. He was not elected, but he took away enough votes from the Republican Candidate (William Taft), to permit the Democratic Candidate, Woodrow Wilson to win.

Front 27

Federal Election Commission.

Back 27

See Seperate Page.

Front 28

Grassroots

Back 28

Originating, as in political support, from many individuals rather than from national parties and large organization.

Front 29

One-Party System

Back 29

1. Known as dictatorship or totalitarian government.
2. America opposes this type of system because it denies citizens the freedom of speech.

Front 30

What happens when no presidential candidate receives a majority vote?

Back 30

Then the House of Representatives picks the President from the top three candidates. While the Senate picks the Vice President if no candidate recieves a majority of votes for V.P.

Front 31

Nominate

Back 31

To select candidates to run for public office.

Front 32

Political Party Finance

Back 32

1.Started off with private contributions (can be used as a tax ride-off).
2. Party now serves the pupose of raising money.
3. When large amounts are raised, questions arise. Therefore:
a)Federal Election Campaign Act required every candoidate to report the name of person who contributes $200+ to campaign (DOESN'T deal with the Federal Election Commission).
b)Revenue Act limits the amount GIVEN by individuals to $1000 (primary and general elections).

Front 33

Advantages of Two-Party System

Back 33

1. No one party becomes too powerful.
2. Government is set up so that both parties have to work together (coalition).
a)Disadvantage deals with
the introduction of a
multi-party system when
a coalition breaks down.

Front 34

How many Electoral College are found in D.C.?

Back 34

3

Front 35

Candidate

Back 35

A person who runs for election to public office.

Front 36

Primary Election

Back 36

1. Divided into two time periods; primary and general. In each, ythe voter votes only for the candidate in their chosen party.
2. Two types; closed primary (only for the candidates in their party) and open primary (for candidates in any party).
a)Exception to the rule=runoff primary (NO MAJORITY, two top vote getters run against each other.

Front 37

Secret Ballot

Back 37

A method of voting in which the voter marks a ballot in secret.

Front 38

Closed Primary

Back 38

A primary election in which only voters who're members of the party can vote for the party's candidates.

Front 39

Straight Ticket

Back 39

A ballot on which a person votes for all the candidates of one political party.

Front 40

Split Ticket

Back 40

A ballot on which a person votes for candidates of more than one political party.

Front 41

Roles of political parties

Back 41

1. Lets large number of people with similiar ideas get thigns done.
2. Concerned with what actions government should take.
3. Nominate candidates to run for public office.
4. Takes positions on public issues and work to have laws passed.

Front 42

Polling Place

Back 42

A place where citizens go to vote.

Front 43

Runoff Primary

Back 43

An election in which voters choose between the two leading candidates in a primary to determine the party's candidate in the general election.

Front 44

Electoral Votes

Back 44

The votes cast by the Electoral College for president and vice president.

Front 45

Popular Vote

Back 45

The votes cast by citizens in a presidential election.

Front 46

Beginning of the Two-Party System

Back 46

1. Introduced during Washington's term in office (Federalists were people who favored a strong federal government while an Anti-Federalists were people who favored limiting the power of the central government).
2. Thomas Jefferson (3rd President) was the leader of the democratic-republicans(a.k.a the Anti-Federalists) and Alexander Hamilton was the leader of the Federalists.

Front 47

Independant Voter

Back 47

A voter who is not a member of a political party.

Front 48

Primary Election

Back 48

An election in which the voters of various parties choose candidates to run for office in a general election.

Front 49

The Democrats/Republicans

Back 49

1. The Democrats were introduced by Andrew Jackson (when democratic-republican split up to just the democratic and republicans; was also the 7th President) in 1828 and they believed that the federal gov't benefited the wealthy instead of the common people.
2. Republicans came about to go aginst the ways of slavery in the U.S. (was formed in 1854). Abraham Lincoln (16th President) was introduced as the first president of that party.

Front 50

Favorite Son or Daughter

Back 50

A man or a woman, popular in his or her home state, who is nominated for president by the state's delegates on the first ballot at the national nominating convention.

Front 51

General Election

Back 51

An election in which the voters elect their leaders.

Front 52

Electoral College

Back 52

The group of electors who cast the official votes that elect the president and vice president.

Front 53

Presidential Primary

Back 53

A primary election in which voters in a state selet the presidential candidate they wish their delegates to support at the party's national nominating convention.

Front 54

Elector

Back 54

A person elected by the voters in a presidential election as a member of the Electoral College.

Front 55

Open primary

Back 55

A primary election in which voters may vote for the candidates of any party.

Front 56

Precinct

Back 56

A local voting district in a county, city, or ward.