Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the lamina propria's role in mucosal immunity?
|
Drains lymph into mesenteric lymph nodes?
|
|
|
What are the largest lymph nodes in the body? Why is important that these nodes be so large?
|
Mesenteric lymph nodes. Because the gut has high amounts of bacteria...both good and bad types.
|
|
|
What is the function of M cells?
|
Delivery of antigen to peyer's patches (in the gut)
|
|
|
What do peyer's patches contain? What other structure in the gut is rich in these contents?
|
These structures are rich in B and T cells.
Isolated lymph follicles in the gut are also rich in B Cells. |
|
|
What are the five functions of IgA in mucosal immunity?
|
Export of toxins/Ags from the lamina propria
Neutralizes Ags that are internalized by endosomes Neutralize Ags/toxins on gut surface Bind Ag on M Cell surface and bring it to lymphoid tissue Pick up Ag in the endosomes of M cells and deliver it to lymphoid tissue. |
|
|
Which form of immunity is the only form that Effector T Cells predominate, even in the absence of the infection?
|
Mucosal immunity.
|
|
|
In peyer's patches, what happens to naive lymphocytes once they are activated?
|
They become effector cells that travel in the lymph and blood to the lamina propria of mucosal tissue.
|
|
|
True or False:
Memory B Cells have undergone affinity maturation and isotype switching. |
True
|
|
|
Which immunoglobulin can make up for deficiencies in IgA or IgG?
|
IgM
|
|
|
Once a naive T Cell and B Cell are activated, what are their two fates? (What cells can they become?)
|
Most become short-lived effector cells, others become long lived memory cells.
|
|
|
True or false:
Memory B cells and Naive B cells both participate in a secondary immune response. |
False! Only Memory B cells participate in a secondary immune response.
|
|
|
Why are only Memory B Cells produced in the secondary immune response?
|
This allows isotyped switch, higher affinity B cells to expand. This also prevents the production of low affinity IgM (which can get in the way of more effective Igs)
|
|
|
During a secondary infection, what happens to a naive B cell when it binds the pathogen? What happens to a memory B cell when it binds this same pathogen?
|
The naive B cell receives a negative signal and nothing happens. A memory B cell receives a positive signal and produces high Affinity IgG, IgA, and IgE
|
|
|
Give the cell fates of a Naive T Cell when it encounters a pathogen. What molecule is expressed/not expressed and what happens?
|
Some become memory T Cells, others become effector T Cells. If the memory T Cell expresses CCR7, it becomes a central memory cell and remains in lymphoid Tissue. Memory T Cells without CCR7 Migrate to tissues. Some effector T cells become quiscient memory cells, but must just die after a few days.
|
|
|
Give two examples of how innate and adaptive immunity are bridged.
|
gamma delta T cells
MIC proteins |
|
|
What are MIC proteins? What are some of its functions? What two cells recognize it?
|
A stress protein that is MHC class 1-like, and is induced during infection of epithelial cells. NK cells can recognize MIC and kill the virally infected cell. In the gut, gd T cells can recognize MIC and induce apoptosis of the infected cell
|
|
|
How do GammaDelta T cells bridge the gap between innate and adaptive immunity? What surface molecule do they have and what does it do?
|
They do not undergo positive or negative selection.
Express CCR5 (recruits them to inflamed tissue) Can kill cells generally (like bacteria) using granulysin They can express CD40L and B7 MHC and act like professional APC |
|
|
Why is MIC important in preventing HIV infections?
|
HIV can suppress MHC class I expression. MIC allows for the destruction of these cells.
|
