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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromosome
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the major carrier of genetic information
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chromatin
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a material consisting of Dna and associated proteins.
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histone
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chromosomes packing is faciliated by certain proteins
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nucleosomes
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structure..the postively charged histones associtated with DNA
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scaffolding proteins
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ae nonhistone proteins that help maintain chromsome struture
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condensin
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proteins that binds to DNA and wraps it into coiled loops that are compacted into a mitotic or meittic chromosome
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M phase
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iss process of mitosis and ctyokensis
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mitosis
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make sure each new nucleus receives dame umber and types of chromosomes as were present in the orginal nucleus
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cytokinesis
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the divsison of cell cytoplasm to form two cells
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interphase
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the times when no cell division
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G1 phase
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time between mitososi and s phase
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s phase
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dna replicates and histone proteins are synhesized so that cells can duplicate copies of its chromosomes
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g2 pahse
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increaded photosynthesis occus
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prohpase
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first stageof mitosis
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centromere
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contrsicted region
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kinetochore
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a mutilprotein complex
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microtubles
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one copy of each chromosome is delievred to each daughter cell
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mitotic spindle
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a structure that sperates the duplicated chromosomes during anaphase
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karyotype
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chromosome makeup
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binary fission
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a process in which one cell diveds into two offspring cells
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cell cycle checkpoints
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ensure stage is complete before moving to next stage
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ptrtein kinase
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enzymes tht activated or inactivate proteins by phosplarting them.
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cyclins
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regulatory proteins
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cytokinins
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a group of plant hormones that promote mitosis both in normal growth and in wound healing
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growth factors
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stimulate mitosis in some animal cells
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sexual reproduction
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union of two sex cells......gamets and zygote
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diploid
haploid poyloid |
two sets of chromosomes
one set of chromoseoms three or more sets of chromosomes |
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meiosis
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cell division that reduces chromosome number
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crossing over
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a process in whcih enzyme break and rejoin dna molecules, allowing paired homologous chromosomes to genetic material
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chiasmata
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specfic regions that hold together chromosomes
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