• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/46

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

46 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
containmnet
Containment refers to the foreign policy strategy of the United States in the early years of the Cold War. Its policy was to stop what is called the domino effect of nations moving politically towards Soviet Union-based communism, rather than European-American-based capitalism.
berlin wall
After the end of World War II in Europe, what territorially remained of Nazi Germany was divided into four occupation zones (per the Potsdam Agreement), each one controlled by one of the four occupying Allied powers: the Americans, British, French and Soviets. The old capital of Berlin, as the seat of the Allied Control Council, was similarly subdivided into four sectors despite the city lying deep inside the zone of the Soviet Union. Although the intent was for the occupying powers to govern Germany together inside the 1947 borders, the advent of Cold War tension caused the French, British and American zones to be formed into the Federal Republic of Germany (and West Berlin) in 1949, excluding the Soviet zone, which then formed the German Democratic Republic (including East Berlin).

Divergence of German states

West Germany developed into a western capitalist country with a social market economy ("Soziale Marktwirtschaft" in German) and a democratic parliamentary government. Continual economic growth starting in the 1950s fuelled a 30-year "economic miracle" ("Wirtschaftswunder"). Across the inner-German border, East Germany established an authoritarian government with a Soviet-style planned economy. While West Germany became rich, many East Germans wanted to move to West Germany. The East Germans constructed the Berlin Wall to stop East Germans from fleeing. However, East German soldiers allowed West Berliners to cross into East Germany.
truman doctrine
The Truman Doctrine was a proclamation by U.S. President Harry S Truman on March 12, 1947. It stated that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere. Truman called upon the U.S. to "support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures,"[1] which generalized his hopes for Greece and Turkey into a doctrine applicable throughout the world. It is important to note that the Soviet Union was clearly at the heart of Truman's thoughts, but the nation was never directly mentioned in his speech. As Edler states, Truman was attempting to solve Eastern Europe's instability whilst making sure the spread of communism would not affect nations like Greece and Turkey.
NATO
The Treaty of Brussels, signed on 17 March 1948 by Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France and the United Kingdom is considered the precursor to the NATO agreement. This treaty established a military alliance, later to become the Western European Union. However, American participation was thought necessary in order to counter the military power of the Soviet Union, and therefore talks for a new military alliance began almost immediately.

These talks resulted in the North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed in Washington, D.C. on 4 April 1949. It included the five Treaty of Brussels states, as well as the United States, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark and Iceland. Three years later, on 18 February 1952, Greece and Turkey also joined.
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan (from its enactment, officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the primary plan of the United States for rebuilding and creating a stronger foundation for the allied countries of Europe, and repelling communism after World War II. The initiative was named for Secretary of State George Marshall.
The plan was in operation for four years beginning in July 1947. During that period some USD 13 billion in economic and technical assistance were given to help the recovery of the European countries
Warsaw Pact
Officially named the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (Russian: Договор о дружбе, сотрудничестве и взаимной помощи Translit.: Dogovor o druzhbe, sotrudnichestve i vzaimnoy pomoshchi), the Warsaw Pact was an organization of communist states in Central and Eastern Europe. It was established on 14 May 1955 in Warsaw, Poland. The treaty was signed in Warsaw on May 14, 1955 and official copies were made in Russian, Polish, Czech and German. This treaty was modeled on the NATO treaty, in that there was a political Consultative Committee, followed by a civilian secretary general, while down the chain of command there was a military commander in chief and a combined staff, although the similarities between the two international organizations ended there.
Mao Zedong
emerged as largest representation of china for communism.
Long March
zedong troups retreated 6000 miles. a lot of them died.
Ghandi
led india to independence from britain. peaceful revolution.
Jawaharlal Nehru
leader of independent india, souhgt a mixed economy of private and public sectoes
Leopold Sedar Senghor
senghor combined intellectual acuity with political savvvt. an accomplished poet and essayists and one of the founders of the negritude movement. first president of senghor.
Negritude movement
virtues of black identity
Belfour Declaration
arabs and jes on collision course in palestine because of it. jes, zionists, claimed that palestine was theres. british announced that the jews homeland was palestine in the belfour declaration in 1917.
gamal abdel nasser
disaffected officer that distinguished himself in battle and became the head of a secreat organization of junior military officers that called itself the free officers movement.
front liberation naionale (FLN)
leading nationalistic policy. fouhgt aginst french for independence in algeria.
nelson amdela
is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in fully representative democratic elections. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist and leader of the African National Congress and its armed wing Umkhonto we Sizwe. He spent 27 years in prison, much of it on Robben Island, on convictions for crimes that included sabotage committed while he spearheaded the struggle against apartheid.
ho chi minh
leader and symbol of vietnams anti-colonial struggles. founded indochinese communists party. french left vietnam.
joseph mccarthy
sought to rid communists from america.
international monetary fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rates and the balance of payments. It also offers financial and technical assistance to its members, making it an international lender of last resort. Its headquarters are located in Washington, D.C., USA.
1 world
2
3
The term "first world" refers to countries that are democracies, which are technologically advanced, and whose citizens have a high standard of living.
The term "Second World" is a phrase that was used to describe the Communist states within the Soviet Union's sphere of influence.
d "Third World" has been replaced with "developing country".
OPEC
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a large group of countries[1][2] made up of Algeria, Angola, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, and Ecuador (which rejoined OPEC in November 2007). The organization has maintained its headquarters in Vienna since 1965, hosting regular meetings between the oil ministers of its member states.
franz fanon
Frantz Fanon (July 20, 1925 – December 6, 1961) was an author from Martinique, essayist, psychiatrist, and revolutionary. He was perhaps the pre-eminent thinker of the 20th century on the issue of decolonization and the psychopathology of colonization. His works have inspired anti-colonial liberation movements for more than four decades.
great leap foward
The Great Leap Forward (simplified Chinese: 大跃进; traditional Chinese: 大躍進; pinyin: Dàyuèjìn) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social plan used from 1958 to 1960 which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform mainland China from a primarily agrarian economy dominated by peasant farmers into a modern, industrialized communist society. Mao Zedong based this program on the Theory of Productive Forces. The Great Leap Forward is now widely seen – both within China and outside – as a major economic and humanitarian disaster (sometimes called the "giant step back"), with estimates of the number of people killed by famine during this period ranging from 14 to 43 million.
great proletarian cultural revolution
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution[1] in the People's Republic of China was a struggle for power within the Communist Party of China that manifested into wide-scale social, political, and economic chaos, which grew to include large sections of Chinese society and eventually brought the entire country to the brink of civil war.

It was launched by Mao Zedong, the Chairman of the Communist Party of China, on May 16, 1966, officially as a campaign to rid China of its "liberal bourgeoisie" elements and to continue revolutionary class struggle. It is widely recognized, however, as a method to regain control of the party after the disastrous Great Leap Forward led to a significant loss of Mao's power to rivals Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, and would eventually manifest into waves of power struggles between rival factions both nationally and locally.

Although Mao himself officially declared the Cultural Revolution to have ended in 1969, the term is today widely used to also include the period between 1969 and the arrest of the Gang of Four in 1976.
nikita khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev (Russian: Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв (help·info), Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchyov; IPA: [nʲɪˈkʲitə sʲɪˈrgʲejɪvʲɪtɕ xruˈɕːof], in English, ['kruʃtʃɛv], ['krustʃɛv], ['krustʃof] or [krus'tʃof], occasionally ['kruʃof]; (April 17 [O.S. April 5] 1894 – September 11, 1971)[1] served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, following the death of Joseph Stalin, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the De-Stalinization of the USSR, as well as several liberal reforms ranging from agriculture to foreign policy. Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev. He spent the last seven years of his life under the very close supervision of the KGB.
fidel castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban revolutionary leader who served as the country's 22nd president, led the country from January 1959 until his retirement in February 2008. He took power in an armed revolution that overthrew the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista, and was shortly thereafter sworn in as the Prime Minister of Cuba.[2] In 1965 he became First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba and led the transformation of Cuba into a one-party socialist republic. In 1976 he became President of the Council of State as well as of the Council of Ministers. He also held the supreme military rank of Comandante en Jefe ("Commander in Chief") of the Cuban armed forces. Following intestinal surgery from an undisclosed digestive illness believed to have been diverticulitis,[3] he transferred his responsibilities to the First Vice-President, his younger brother Raúl Castro, on July 31, 2006. On February 19, 2008, five days before his mandate was to expire, he announced he would neither seek nor accept a new term as either president or commander-in-chief.[4][5] On February 24, 2008, the National Assembly elected Raúl Castro to succeed him as the President of Cuba.[1] Fidel Castro remains First Secretary of the Communist Party.
solidarity
a mass independent trade union of workers who opposed the coomunists regime
yugoslavia
worst carnage took place here when they tried to pull waway from comunism. ehtnic cleansing between serbs and croats.
robert mugabe
in rhodesia he led a liberation gurella movement for independence
nelson mandela
improsined leader of african national congress
ronald reagan
president os us. republican. conservatice ways.
margaret thatcher
british. prime minister. conservative.
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
reggae
black counterculture.
one child family
chinese tried to enforce this policy. with reawrds for compliance and penalties fro transgression.
AIDS
acquired immunodefienciency syndrome
Green revolution
laregely involving the use of nonfarm chemical fertilizers, herbicides, adn pesticides, produced dramatically larger harvests. biologist took over to create GMO.
gulf war
americans fought to balance oil power
chechnya war
got independence from russia
balkan war
yugoslovia war. ethnic mosiac exploded into civil war
mikahil gorbachev
russian
feminism
women equal to men
world bank
World Bank (the Bank), is an internationally supported bank that provides loans to developing countries for development programs (e.g. bridges, roads, schools, etc.) with the stated goal of reducing poverty.
hustus
tutsis
The Tutsi are one of three native peoples of the nations of Rwanda and Burundi in central Africa, the other two being the Twa and the Hutu. A Human Rights Watch analysis estimated that 77% of the Tutsi population of Rwanda was slaughtered in the Rwandan Genocide of 1994. The Tutsi are currently in power in Rwanda, although they do not refer to themselves as Tutsi
iranian revolution
The Iranian Revolution (also known as the Islamic Revolution,[1][2][3][4][5][6] Persian: انقلاب اسلامی, Enghelābe Eslāmi) was the revolution that transformed Iran from a monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution and founder of the Islamic Republic.
tienanmen
The Tiananmen or Tian'anmen (simplified Chinese: 天安门; traditional Chinese: 天安門; pinyin: Tiān'ānmén; Manchu: Abkai elhe obure duka), is the main entrance to the Imperial City, the central part of Beijing, People's Republic of China. Although it is commonly referred to as the front entrance to the Forbidden City, that honour properly rests with Meridian Gate. The Tian'anmen is located along the northern edge of Tian'anmen Square.