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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypothesis
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is an educated guess about the natural world.
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Scientific Theory
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a body of knowledge that has stood the test of time
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Scientific Fact
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a direct and repeatable observation about the natural world
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Science
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body of knowledge and evidence based process for acquiring knowledge.
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General Principles Science is based on
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Deals with the natural world
- Based on evidence that can be demonstrated through observation and/or experiments - Is subject to independent validation and peer review - Can be challenged on the basis of evidence - Is self correcting |
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observation
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a description, measurement, or record of any object or phenomenon and must be reproducible.
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steps of the scientific method
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Observation
Hypothesis Predictions – if, then… Test (observation, experiments) The hypothesis is supported (which requires further tests) or rejected (which means a new or revised hypothesis is developed) |
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Dependent variables
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the effects in the experiment
For example, if we test if more fertilizer is used does it yield more corn? The fertilizer is the independent variable and the corn is the dependent variable |
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independent variable
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is the cause in the experiment
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7 common characteristics of life (living organisms)?
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- Are composed of one or more cells
- Reproduce using DNA -Obtain energy from their environment to support metabolism -Sense and respond to their environment - Maintain homeostasis - Are capable of evolving as a group |
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food chain
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Portion of a food web showing who eats whom
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Why is homeostasis important?
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Organisms sense and respond to their environment in order to maintain constant internal conditions
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Producer
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plants or autotrophs
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Consumer
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Eats plants or other consumers or heteotrophs
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Can a single individual evolve?
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No. Evolution requires a species to interbreed. It requires a group of organisms to evolve. Genetic changes over multiple generations.
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Adaptive traits
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allow an organism to survive and reproduce better than others
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Natural selection causes
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an adaptive trait to become more common over multiple generations
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Genetic variability
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produces a species w varying running ability
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Differential reproduction
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faster animals are more likely to survive and reproduce
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Adaptation
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In the next generation, faster runners are more common and the population has evolved
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biological hierarchy (refer to figure 1.12)
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life is organized from smaller parts that are interconnected progressively into larger and larger, more complex structures that work together
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6 elements that scientists agree are necessary for life on Earth
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- Carbon
- Hydrogen - Nitrogen - Oxygen - Sulfur - Phosphorus |
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species
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A group of organisms that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
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population
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A group of organisms within a species that shares a common habitat
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