Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
atom |
the smallest particle of an element that still retains the chemical characteristics of the element |
|
|
|
scientific theory |
A concise explanation of widely observed phenomena that has been extensively tested. element |
|
|
|
element |
a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by any chemical process |
|
|
|
compound |
a substance composed of characteristic proportions of two or more elements chemicals bonded together |
|
|
|
scientific method |
an approach to acquiring knowledge based on the observation of phenomena, the development of a testable hypothesis, and additional experiments that test the validity of the hypothesis |
|
|
|
scientific law |
a concise and generally applicable statement of a fundamental scientific principle |
|
|
|
law of definite proportions |
the principle that compounds always contain the same proportions of their component elements |
|
|
|
law of constant composition |
the principle that all samples of a particular compound have the same elemental composition |
|
|
|
hypothesis |
a tentative and testable explanation for an observation or a series of observations |
|
|
|
law of multiple proportions chemical |
the principle that, when two masses of one element react with a given mass of another element to form two different compounds, the two masses of the first element have a ratio of two small, whole numbers |
|
|
|
chemical formula |
a notion for representing the elemental composition of a pure substance using the symbols of the elements; subscripts indicate the relative number of atoms of each element in the substance |
|
|
|
chemical reaction |
the conversion of one or more substances into one or more substances |
|
|
|
matter |
anything that has mass and occupies space |
|
|
|
mass (m) |
the property that defines the quantity of matter in an object |
|
|
|
chemistry |
the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and of the energy consumed or given off when matter undergoes a change |
|
|
|
intensive property |
a property that is independent of the amount of substance present |
|
|
|
extensive property |
a property that varies with the amount of substance present |
|
|
|
physical property |
a property of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance |
|
|
|
density |
the ratio of mass (m) of an object to it’s volume (V) |
|
|
|
chemical property |
a property of a substance that can be observed only by reacting the substance to form another substance |
|
|
|
chemical bond |
a force that holds two atoms or ions in a molecule or a compound together |
|
|
|
molecule |
a collection of atoms chemically bonded together |
|
|
|
ion |
an atom or molecule that has a net positive or negative charge |
|
|
|
mixture |
a combination of pure substances in variable proportions in which the individual substances retain their chemical identities and can be separated from one another by a physical process |
|
|
|
homogeneous mixture |
a mixture in which the components are distributed uniformly throughout and the composition and appearance is uniform |
AKA solution |
|
|
solution |
another name for a homogeneous mixture; often liquids but can also be solids and gases |
|
|
|
heterogeneous mixture |
a mixture in which the components are not distributed uniformly, so that the mixture contains distinct regions of different compositions |
|
|
|
immiscible liquids |
combinations of liquids that do not mix with, or dissolve in, each other |
|
|
|
distillation |
a process using evaporation and condensation to separate a mixture of substances with different volatilities |
|
|
|
volatility |
a measure of how readily a substance vaporizes |
|
|
|
filtration |
a process for separating solid particles from a liquid or gaseous sample through a porous material that retains the solid particles |
|
