Chapter 1: Introduction To The Animal Sciences

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Agriculture

Back 1

The combination of science and art used to cultivate and grow crops and livestock and process the products.

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Animal science

Back 2

The combination of disciplines that together compromise the study of domestic animals.

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Domestic animals

Back 3

Those species that have been brought under human control and that have adapted to life with humans.

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Culture

Back 4

Refers to the set of occupational activities, economic structures, beliefs/value, social forms, and material traits that define our actions and activities.

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Hunter-gatherer

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Support their needs by hunting game, fishing, and gathering edible and medicinal plants.

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Farmer

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Anyone who practices agriculture by managing and cultivating livestock and/or crops.

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Civilization

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A fairly high level of culture and technological development.

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Genetics

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The science of heredity and the variations of inherited characteristics.

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Heredity

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The transmission of genetic characteristics from parent to offspring.

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Animal breeding

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The use of biometry and genetics to improve farm animal production.

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Biometry

Back 11

The application of statistics to topics in biology.

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Genetic code

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The set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins ( amino acid sequences) by living cells.

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Nutrition

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The study of nutrients and how the body uses them.

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Physiology

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The study of the physical and chemical processes of an animal or any of the body systems or cells of the animal.

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Animal health

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The study and practice of maintaining animals as near to a constant state of health as is possible and feasible.

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Ethology

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The study of animals in their natural surroundings.

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Applied ethology

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The study of behavior in domestic animals.

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Meat science

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The science is handling, distributing, and marketing meat and meat products.

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Meat

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The flesh of animals used for food.

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Dairy product science

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The science of providing milk and milk products as food.

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Biotechnology

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A collective set of tools and applications of living organisms, or parts of organisms, to make or modify products, improve plays or animals, or develop microorganisms for specific uses.

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Renewable resources

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Those resources that can be replaced or produced by natural ecological management systems.

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Omnivore

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An animal that eats both animal and plant based feeds.

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Nutrient density

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A measurement of the nutrients provided in a food compared to the calories it contains.

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Diet

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The total of the foods and water being consumed by an individual or group.

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Essential amino acids

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Those amino acids required by the body that must be consumed in the diet.

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Undernourished

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Receiving inadequate nourishment for proper health and growth.

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Draft animal

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An animal whose major purpose is to perform work that involves hauling or pulling.a plow or wagon is a draft animal.

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Livestock revolution

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Large increases in supply and demand of livestock and animal products worldwide at the end of the 20th century and into the 21st century.

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Green revolution

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Dramatic improvements in grain production in developing countries during the 1960s to the 1980s because of technological innovation and application.

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Per capita

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Per unit of population: by or for each person

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Biofuel

Back 32

gas or liquid fuel made from biological materials, such as crops and animal waste.