Chapter 1 Intro To Health Psych

Front 1

What is Health Psychology?

Back 1

Principles and scientific knowledge developed within psychology are applied to the study of medical conditions or health problems, which can be used to create interventions

Front 2

What is Health?

Back 2

health refers to the complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Front 3

Health promotion and maintenance

Back 3

development of good health habits , promotion of regular exercise

Front 4

Health psychologists study the etiology of illness, what is that, and what are its main focuses?

Back 4

The causes of the illness. Focuses primarily on psychological behavioral, and social factors.

Front 5

Health psychologists focus on prevention, and treatment of illness, what are examples of this?

Back 5

prevention programs targeting smoking cessation, weight loss, and stress management, adjustment to illness, and treatment.

Front 6

The CDC find that heart disease, stroke, and cancer, account for.....

Back 6

more than 50% of all deaths each year.

Front 7

Recommendations made by the CDC to prevent the things that cause 50% of annual deaths....

Back 7

avoid excessive alcohol use, avoid tobacco, improve nutrition, engage in physical activity.

Front 8

Improvement of the healthcare system and policy aims at...

Back 8

impact of institutions and healthcare providers, improved delivery of health care to all people

Front 9

98,000 people die due to....

61% of these instances...

Back 9

preventable medical harm

are due to poor team communication, or interpersonal dynamics.

Front 10

There are two historical views on the mind body conundrum, the views are...

Back 10

1. The concepts of the soul or mind are more real than those of the body

2. Empiricism-- all knowledge comes through the body, from sensory experience.

Front 11

Disease was initially believed to be due to...

Back 11

evil spirits, result of imbalance of fluids (yellow bile, black bile, phlegm, and blood), or gods punishment.

Front 12

Later things shifted towards more of a psychoanalytic perspective. Freud had a break through in this area with something he called...

Back 12

hysteria conversion.

Front 13

Who were Dunbar and Alexander?

Back 13

they developed the idea that patterns in personality relate to physical maladies.

Front 14

Psychosomatic Medicine

Back 14

influence the mind has over physical processes, and example of this was when alexander developed a profile for an ulcer prone person. This he thought was a disorder caused by excessive needs for dependency and love.

Front 15

Dunbar and Alexander maintained that ________produce _______ which becomes _________ and takes a toll on the body via the _______ system.

Back 15

conflicts, anxiety, unconscious, autonomic nervous

Front 16

What is the "biopsychosocial model"

Back 16

The idea that the mind and body together determine health and illness. The result of either health or illness, is due to an interplay between them.

Front 17

The Biomedical Model Of Sickness

Back 17

Assumes that psychological and social processes are largely irrelevant to disease process.

Front 18

What are some of the limitations to the Biomedical model of sickness?

Back 18

only looks at very low level processes, like cell mutation for instance.

doesn't believe that the mind and body share a connection.

Put's more emphasis on illness, that it does health.

Front 19

renewed interest in the mind-body relationship can be seen in what field?

Back 19

neuroscience.

Front 20

What three things are said to be interacting in the biopsychosocial model?

Back 20

psychological, social, and biological.

Front 21

Advantages to the biopsychosocial model...

Back 21

includes micro and macro level processes .

does not distinguish mind from the body

and it uses the systems theory.

Front 22

What are the clinical implications of the biopsychosocial model?

Back 22

diagnosis included multiple factors, treatment addresses multiple factors, emphasizes the relationship between the practitioner and the patient.

Front 23

What type of approach is seen to be useful in the biopsychosocial approach?

Back 23

team approach may be the most appropriate

Front 24

What is the systems theory?

Back 24

All levels of organization are linked to each other hierarchally and that change in any one level will effect change in all other levels.

Front 25

Health psychology can be said to be one of the most....

Back 25

important psychological developments in the past 50 years.

Front 26

In 1978 The....

Back 26

Division of Health Psychology was formed within the APA

Front 27

In past years, illnesses have changed from primarily....

Back 27

acute disorders to chronic disorders.

Front 28

in 2005, 133 million Americans almost 1 out of every 2 adults had...

Back 28

at least one chronic illness

Front 29

in 1960 cancer survival rates were at 33% now they are....

Back 29

at about 50% overall.

Front 30

What are some behaviors that have demonstrated benefits toward reducing illness

Back 30

washing hands, using a condom, and walking more

Front 31

What is Epidemiology?

Back 31

The study of the frequency distribution and causes of infections and non infectious diseases.

Front 32

Morbidity

Back 32

the number of given cases of a disease that exist at a point in time.

Front 33

sub categories of morbidity include...

Back 33

incidence- number of new cases

prevalence- total number of existing cases

Front 34

Mortality

Back 34

refers to the number of deaths due to particular causes

Front 35

What is a Theory?

Back 35

a set of analytical statements that explain a set of phenomena

Front 36

about one third of health psychologists....

Back 36

investigations are guided by theory.