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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Atom |
The smallest unit an element can be divided into |
The basic unit of chemistry.
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Molecule |
The smallest unit of a covalent compound |
H2O Everything in your body is made of molecules. |
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Element |
A atom with a specific number of protons ex. hydrogen has 1 proton all atoms with 1 protons are hydrogen |
Fe, He, O, C, Au Elements are listed on the periodic table. |
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Proton |
A subatomic particle with a positive charge in the nucleus of an atom |
Hydrogen has one of these |
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Electron |
A subatomic particle with a negative charge that is in a cloud around the nucleus of an atom |
The lightest subatomic particle |
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Neutron |
A subatomic particle with no charge in the nucleus of an atom. |
Neutrons are responsible for isotopes |
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Ion |
An atom that has gained of lost an electron giving it a charge |
Na+1 |
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Isotope |
Atoms that have a number of neutrons that is not normal for that element |
U-235 Many isotopes are used for many common applications. |
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Ionic Bond |
A bond formed between ions |
NaCl |
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Covalent Bond |
A bond formed between atoms in which pairs of electrons are shared. |
Most non metals combine using covalent bonds. H2O |
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Polar Covalent Bond |
A bond in which electrons are not equally shared |
Water and oil This type of bond makes water stick to itself. |
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Law of Conservation of Matter |
States that matter can not be created or destroyed |
The law of conservation of matter applies to all reactions. |
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Activation Energy |
The input energy required for a reaction to occur |
Most reactions require activation energy. Lighting a fire |
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Hydrogen Bond |
A weak bond between hydrogen atoms and negative polar atoms |
Water molecules |
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pH Scale |
A logarithmic scale that measures acidity and alkalinity. |
Mastering the pH scale is a basic skill. Litmus paper |
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Acid |
A solution with more H+ ions than OH- ions |
If the batteries leak they will release acid H2SO4 |
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Base |
A solution with more OH- ions than H+ ions |
The drain cleaner is a strong base. Sodium hydroxide |
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Organic Compounds |
A compound that contains carbon. These compound were once thought to only be made by living things |
Life is made of organic compounds. methane |
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Macromolecules |
Extremely large molecules |
Macromolecules make up most of living things. carbohydrates |
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Carbohydrates |
They are carbon based macromolecules that are made of saccharides. Carbohydrates have a 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen ratio |
Carbohydrates are the source of most of your bodies energy. glucose and sucrose |
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Lipids |
Macromolecules that store energy and form cell membranes |
Fats and oils many people who are dieting reduce their intake of lipids. |
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Proteins |
Macromolecules that provide structure and act as enzymes |
Gluten is a protein that give bread it's elasticity. |
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Nucleic Acids |
The macromolecule that holds the information for making proteins |
These macro molecules are unique to every person. Nucleic acids |
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Monosaccharides |
The simplest form carbohydrate that combine to from all carbohydrates. |
Glucose |
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Fatty Acids & Glycerol |
The basic units of lipids |
Oleic acid |
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Amino acids |
The molecules that bond to form proteins |
Amino acids are an important part of your diet. lysine |
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Nucleotides |
The building blocks of Nucleic acids |
Nucleotide are to you body what binary is to a computer. Thymine |
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Disaccharide |
Two monosaccharides bonded together to make a common sugar ex. Sucrose, lactose and Maltose |
That ice cream is high in disaccharides. sucrose is a common disaccharide. |
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Polysaccharide |
A chain of saccharides that make complex carbohydrates |
A potato is high in polysaccharides. starch is a common polysaccharide. |
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Polypeptide |
A chain of amino acids |
Proteins are made of polypeptides. |
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Peptide bond |
The bonds between amino acids |
Without peptide bonds our bodies would not have structure or function. |
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DNA |
The macromolecule that stores genetic information |
The forensics lab solved the crime using DNA evidence.
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Gene |
A piece of DNA that has the information to assemble one protein. |
Molly's gene grave her blue eyes.
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