Chapter 1-Cell Exchange Materials

Front 1

Diffusion

Back 1

passive process resulting from the random movement of ions and molecules, so they are evenly disributed in the available space.

Front 2

Osmosis

Back 2

passive process, special case of diffusion when water passes across a membrane, moving from a high concentration to a low concentration

Front 3

Carrier mediated transport

Back 3

a process that requires special proteins in a cell membrane; may be passive or active depending on the nature of the mechanism

Front 4

Facillitated diffusion

Back 4

passive process that moves larger molecules (to large to be diffused via diffusion or osmosis) from a higher concentarion on one side to a lower consentration on the other side of a membrane

Front 5

Active transport

Back 5

the movement of substances across a cell membrane agaist the concentration gradient, i.e going form to low concentration to a high concentration, using cellular energy, involving carrier proteins

Front 6

Vesiclar transport

Back 6

process where materials are moved in membrane-bound sacs; an active process

Front 7

Endocytosis

Back 7

cell surrounds extracellular fluid material and makes a fold of the cell membrane, the enfolded material breaks away and the material is enclosed to form a vesicle to forms phagocytosis (cell eating) and pinocytosis (cell drinking)

Front 8

Exocytosis

Back 8

contents of vesicle is pushed out through the cell membrane. membrane around vesicle fuses with cell membrane and vesicle contents is pushed out

Front 9

Cell membrane

Back 9

The outer boundary of the cell which seperates it from neighbouring cells and from the external environment. Made up of a double layer of lipid molcules and assosiated proteins. Determines which substances will go in and out of the cell

Front 10

Golgi apparatus

Back 10

flattened, membranous bags stacked on top of each other. they modify proteins and package them into vesicles for secreation of the cell. Vesicles are pinched off from the edges of the membrane