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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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12 Principles of biology? |
1. Cells are the simplest form of life 2. Living organisms use energy 3. Living organisms interact with their environment 4. Living organisms maintain homeostasis 5. Living organisms grow and develop 6. The genetic material provides a blueprint for reproduction 7. Populations of organisms evolve from one generation to the next 8. All species are related by an evolutionary history 9. Structure determines function 10. New properties of life emerge from complex interactions 11. Biology is an experimental science 12. Biology affects our society |
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Cell Theory |
1. All organisms are composed of cells 2. Cells are the smallest units of life 3. New cells come from pre-existing cells via cell division |
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Respiration |
reactions that release energy |
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Metabolism |
Chemical reactions involved in the breakdown and synthesis of cellular molecules. |
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Photosynthesis |
The process whereby light energy is captured by plants and used to synthesis organic molecules. |
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Homeostasis |
The process whereby living organisms regulate their cells and bodies to maintain a relatively stable internal condition. |
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Growth |
Produces more or larger cells |
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Development |
a series of changes in the state of a cell, tissue, organ, or organism resulting in a organism with a defined set of characteristics. |
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Reporduce |
generate offspring |
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Heritable |
offspring inherit DNA from their parents |
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genes |
segments of DNA |
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Evolution |
heritable change in a population of organisms from generation to generation |
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Genome |
the complete genetic composition of an organism or species |
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Proteome |
complete protein composition of an organism or species |
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Emergent Properties |
when novelty structures and functions occur resulting in characteristics |
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Levels of Organization of Organisms |
1. Atoms 2. Molecules 3. Cells 4. Tissues 5. Organs 6. Organisms 7. Population 8. Community 9. Ecosystem 10. Biosphere |
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Atom |
Smallest unit of of an element that has the characteristic properties of the element |
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Molecules |
bonded atoms |
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Cell |
simplest unit of living organism |
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Tissues |
the association of many cells of the same type |
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Organ |
two or more types of tissue combined to form a function |
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Organism |
a living thing that maintains internal regulation |
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Population |
a group of individuals of the same species inhabiting the same environment |
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Community |
assemblage of populations of different species |
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Ecosystem |
the biotic community of organisms in an area |
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Biosphere |
regions on the earth where organisms exist |
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Lineage |
progression of changes in an ancestry |
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Vertical evolution |
species evolve from pre-existing species throughout the accumulation of genetic mutations |
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Horizontal gene transfer |
process where an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being its offspring; sometimes from different species |
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Taxonomy |
classifying living and distinct organism |
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3 domains of life |
1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya |
