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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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6 groups of microorganisms
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Bacteria, archae, fungi, protozoa, algae, small multicellular animals
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Lacking Nuclei
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Prokaryote
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Bacteria cell walls are composed of ______ called _______
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Polysaccharide; peptidoglycan
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Bacteria and Archae are both
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Prokaryotic
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Archae are often found in __________ environments
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Extreme
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The size of a Prokaryote is _______ than a Eukaryote
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Smaller
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Fungi cells are:
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Eukaryotic
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Fungi obtain their food from
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Other organisms
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Multicellular organisms that grow as long filaments and reproduce by means of spores
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Molds
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Unicellular typically oval or round fungus that usually reproduces asexually by budding
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yeast
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Single-celled eukaryotes that are similar to animals in their nutritional needs and cellular structure
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Protozoa
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Unicellular or multicellular photosynthetic organisms
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Algae
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Inventer of the first microscope
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Leeuwenhoek
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Scientist tested that a mild disease called cowpox provided protection against potentially fatal smallpox (vaccination)
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Edward Jenner
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Played a role in setting standards for good public hygiene to prevent the spread of infectious diseases
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John Snow
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the use of light or electrons to magnify objects
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Microscopy
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Dissproved spontaneous generation
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Louis Pasteur
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Linked specific microbe to specific diseases
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Robert Koch
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Resides in places such as our mouth large population of bacteria that does no harm
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Normal Microbiota
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Wanted everyone to wash Hands
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Ignaz Semmelweis
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1st to treat instruments and surgical wounds with a chemical (phenol)
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Joseph lister
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Founded Penecillin
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Alexander flemming
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Most abundant element
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Nitrogen
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- Simple in structure
- Simple in size - Lack membrane-bound structures |
Prokaryotes
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-Fungi
-Protozoa -Algae -Helminths -Complex in structure -Large in size -Have membrane-bound structures |
Eukaryote
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Bacteria, Archae, and Eukarya
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Main 3 Domains
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Bacteria cell wall is made of
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peptidoglycan
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Archaea cell wall is lacks
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Peptidoglycan
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Proteins that organize genetic material
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Histones
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Round
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Coccus
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Rod
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bacillus
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Not quite round/rod
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Coccobacillus
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curved rod
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Vibrio
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Spiral rod
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Spirillium
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Spiral flexible ^^^^
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spirochete
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O -> OO
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Pair
Diplor (diplococcus) |
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OO -> OOOO
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Chain
Streptor (Streptococcus) |
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OO -> O O
O O |
Group of 4
Tetrad |
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O O OO OO
O O -> OO OO |
Group of 8
Sarcinae |
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*O* -> 0oO0
O0oOo oOo |
Cluster
Staphylococcus |
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-Against the concentration gradient
-Requires energy and a specific protien |
Active transport
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In the nucleoid "Circular, double-stranded DNA molecule"
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Chromosome
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70s (Ribosome)
30s 50s |
Prokaryote
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80s (Ribosomes)
60s 40s |
Eukaryote
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Saved nutrient that the cell has in excess
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Storage granules
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Enable cells to float or sink to an ideal position
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Gas Vacules
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Allow downward movement (respond to magnetic pull of the cell)
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Magnetosomes
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The formulation of endospores
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Sporulation
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Members of genera
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Bacillus and clostridium
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Cell brings in large particles "Cell eating"
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Phagocytosis
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Cell brings in liquid "Cell drnking"
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Pinocytosis
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Where RNA is synthesized
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Nucleolus
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organelles that are evolutionary proof
-has own genetic material -replicate independantly of cell -70s ribosome |
Mitochondria and Chloroplast
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Cell membrane is thick
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Gram positive
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Outer membrane is thin
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Gram negative
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