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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MATTER
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any substance that has mass and occupies space
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ATOMS
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Matter is ultimately composed of
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Elements
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Atoms are unit pieces of
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Atoms
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Fundamental building blocks of all matter
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Molecules
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atoms bond together in specific geometric arrangements to form
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*solid
*liquid *gas |
Matter exist in one of three physical states
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Solid
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in this state matter are very close and tightly packed together in a fixed location
*have definite fixed shape *have definite volume, cannot be compressed *attractive forces between the particles are strong (rigid structure.) |
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crystalline
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internal geometric structure is regular and repeating
ex. salt, sugar, quartz |
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Amorphous
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internal structure has no regular pattern
ex. glass, rubber, plastic, gel |
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LIquid state
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particles of matter are close to each other and are free to move past one another
*has indefinite shape, assume shape of container *has definite volume and cannot be compressed *atrractive forces between the particles are weaker than in solid |
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liquid water, mercury, alcohol
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examples of liquid state
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gaseous state
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particles of matter are far apart and free to move, where particles are uniformly distributed throughout the container
*has indefinite shape |
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mixtures
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are composed of more than one type of atom or molecule and can be physically separted into component substances
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mixtures
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has variable compositions
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pure substance
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are composed of only one type of atom or molecule
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Homogenous
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mixtures have uniform properties throughout
*usually have one phase (not always) *also known as solutions *mixing is on the molecular level |
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Heterogeneous
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mixtures do not have uniform properties throughout
*can have 2 phases, different or same |
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pure substance
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are composed of only one type of atom or molecule
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elements, compound
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two types of pure substance
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elements
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basic building blocks of matter
*are composed of a single type of atom *cannot be broken down future into simpler substances by chemical reaction |
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compounds
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can be chemically separated into individual elements,
are composed of 2 more more atoms in fixed, definite proportions. |
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physical properties
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the characteristics of matter that can be observed without changing its composition
*characteristics are directly observable *associated with its physical exisitence |
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physical changes
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changes that alter the state or appearance of the matter without altering the composition
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chemical changes
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changes that alter the composition of the matter
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