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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
dependent variable
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in experimental research, the area that may change after the introduction of, or changes in, the independent variable.
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developmental theory
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systematic statement of priciples meant to provide a coherent framework for understanding how people change as they grow older.
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discontinuous
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development that occurs in distinct stages.
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dynamic systems
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continual change within individuals and social groups and the systematic connection of each change to other developments in individuals and society.
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ecological perspective
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considered emergent theories in that they use multicultural, multidisciplinary, and multimethod analysis. These perspectives argue for the inclusion and the analysis of all systems that impact the developing person.
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ecological systems approach
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this approach considers the relationship bewteen the individual and the environment and considers all contexts and systems that affect development
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ethnicity
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people who share traditions, customs, and rituals that generally include ancestral heritage and often religion, national origin, and language.
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ethological perspective
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the analysis of animal behavior patterns particularly as they relate to evolutionary origins and species survival.
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experiment
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research method designed to determine cause and effect relationships. one variable-independent variable is manipulated in order to observ e and record changes in the other variable-dependent variable.
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experimental group
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in research, the group or participants given a specific intervention or treatment
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human development
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the analysis of how people change and do not change over time
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humanisitic theory
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contends that people have a natural capacity to make decisions about their lives and to control their behaviors
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hypothesis
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a prediction stated in such a way that it can be tested.
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independent variable
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in experimental research, the variable that is introduced in order to see its effect on the dependent variable.
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life span perspective
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identifiction of attribures that both unite people as human beings and distinguish people as unique entities. it considers all human experiences from conception to death.
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longitudinal research
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research in which the behavior of one or more subjects in a study is measure as they age.
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maturation
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pre determined unfolding of genetic information.
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nature
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traits, ablilities, and capacities inherited from ones parents.
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nurture
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environmental influences that shape behavior.
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operant conditioning
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a form of learning in which a voluntary response is strengthened or weakened by its association with positive or negative consequences.
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psychodynamic theory
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analyzes the development of a persons inner drives and how they impact every aspect of a persons life.
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race
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the use of biological traits; skin color; to differentiate people.
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replication
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the use of the same research design on a different group; the results of which verify or refute the original studys conclusions.
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scientific method
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a five step research process that formulates a wuestion, develops a hypothesis, tests the hypothesis, draws conclusions, and makes the findings available.
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social construction
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shared perspectives of social order based on a belief or how things should be rather than reality.
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social cognitive theory
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analyzes how learning occurs by observing the behavior of another person, called a model.
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socioeconomic status SES
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a measure that reflects a combination of a persons income, educational level, occupation, and residence.
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survey
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a research design where a large group of people chosen to represent an even larger population are asked questions about their attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.
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