Med Term 2 Chapter 04

Front 1

abrasion

Back 1

scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

Front 2

abscess

Back 2

localized collection of pus

Front 3

acne

Back 3

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

Front 4

actinic keratosis

Back 4

precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into squamous cell carcinoma.

Front 5

albinism

Back 5

congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.

Front 6

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

Back 6

epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis. It seldom metastasizes but invades local tissue; common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.

Front 7

candidiasis

Back 7

infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans. Candida is normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes an infection. Esophageal candidiasis is often seen in patients with AIDS.

Front 8

carbuncle

Back 8

skin infection composed of a cluster of boils (furuncle) caused by staphylococcal bacteria.

Front 9

cellulitis

Back 9

inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, characterized by redness, swelling, and fever.

Front 10

contusion

Back 10

injury with no break in skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called a bruise).

Front 11

eczema

Back 11

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching.

Front 12

fissure

Back 12

slit or cracklike sore in the skin.

Front 13

furuncle

Back 13

painful skin node caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (also called a boil).

Front 14

gangrene

Back 14

death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (a form of necrosis).

Front 15

herpes

Back 15

inflammatory skin disease caused by the herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exist. Herpes simplex, for example, causes fever blisters; herpes zoster, also called shingles, is characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow nerves inflamed by the virus.

Front 16

impetigo

Back 16

superficial skin infection characterized by pustles and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci.

Front 17

infection

Back 17

invasions of pathogens in body tissue. Types of infection: Bacterial, Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral.

Front 18

Kaposi sarcoma

Back 18

cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; frequently seen with AIDS.

Front 19

laceration

Back 19

torn, ragged-edged wound.

Front 20

lesion

Back 20

any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. It is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors.

Front 21

MRSA infection

Back 21

invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics. MRSA is quite common in hospitals and long-term care facilities.

Front 22

pediculosis

Back 22

invasion into the skin and hair by lice.

Front 23

psoriasis

Back 23

chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales.

Front 24

rosacea

Back 24

chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and broken blood vessels, usually occurring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years. Also called acne rosacea.

Front 25

scabies

Back 25

skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching.

Front 26

scleroderma

Back 26

disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs.

Front 27

squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA)

Back 27

malignant growth that develops from scalelike epithelial tissue. Unlike basal cell carcinoma, there is a significant potential for metastasis. The most frequent cause is chronic exposure to sunlight.

Front 28

systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE)

Back 28

chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It may also affect other organs.

Front 29

tinea

Back 29

fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. Infections are classified by body regions such as tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), and tinea pedis (foot). Tinea in general is also called ringworm, and tinea pedis specifically is also called athlete's foot.

Front 30

urticaria

Back 30

itchy skin eruption composed of wheals (an individual hive) of varying sizes and shapes. Also called hives. Idiopathic urticaria is sometimes associated with infections and with allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents.

Front 31

vitiligo

Back 31

white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes associated with autoimmune disorders.

Front 32

cauterization

Back 32

destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery).

Front 33

cryosurgery

Back 33

destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen.

Front 34

debridement

Back 34

removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound.

Front 35

dermabrasion

Back 35

procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper.

Front 36

excision

Back 36

removal by cutting.

Front 37

incision

Back 37

surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument.

Front 38

incision and drainage (I&D)

Back 38

surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity.

Front 39

laser surgery

Back 39

procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue.

Front 40

Mohs surgery

Back 40

technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of a skin cancer.

Front 41

suturing

Back 41

to stitch edges of a wound surgically.

Front 42

alopecia

Back 42

loss of hair.

Front 43

bacteria (s. bacterium)

Back 43

single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue.

Front 44

cicatrix

Back 44

scar

Front 45

cyst

Back 45

closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

Front 46

cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Back 46

herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised.

Front 47

diaphoresis

Back 47

sweating

Front 48

ecchymosis (pl. ecchymoses)

Back 48

escape of blood into the skin (or mucous membrane), causing a small, flat, purple, or blue discoloration, as may occur when blood is withdrawn by a needle and syringe from an arm vein.

Front 49

edema

Back 49

puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

Front 50

erythema

Back 50

redness

Front 51

fungus (pl. fungi)

Back 51

organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue; single-celled fungi (yeast) reproduce by budding; multicelled fungi (mold) reproduce by spore formation.

Front 52

induration

Back 52

abnormal hard spot(s)

Front 53

jaundice

Back 53

condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin. Also called xanthoderma.

Front 54

keloid

Back 54

overgrowth of scar tissue

Front 55

leukoplakia

Back 55

condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous.

Front 56

macule

Back 56

flat, colored spot on the skin

Front 57

nevus (pl. nevi)

Back 57

circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is referred to as a birthmark (also called a mole)

Front 58

nodule

Back 58

small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch

Front 59

pallor

Back 59

paleness

Front 60

papule

Back 60

small, solid skin elevation

Front 61

petechia (pl. petechiae)

Back 61

pinpoint skin hemorrhage

Front 62

pressure ulcer (decub)

Back 62

erosion of the skin caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients. Formerly called decubitus ulcer or bed sore)

Front 63

pruritus

Back 63

itching

Front 64

purpura

Back 64

small hemorrhages in the skin (or mucuous membrane), giving a purple-red discoloration; associated with blood disorders or vascular abnormalities

Front 65

pustule

Back 65

elevation of skin containing pus

Front 66

ulcer

Back 66

erosion of skin or mucous membrane

Front 67

verruca

Back 67

circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (also called a wart)

Front 68

vesicle

Back 68

small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (also called a blister)

Front 69

virus

Back 69

minute microorganism, much smaller than a bacterium, characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the ability to replicate only within living host cells; may cause infection by invading body tissue

Front 70

wheal

Back 70

transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area; a wheal is an individual urticaria (hive) lesion

Front 71

sudoriferous glands

Back 71

secretes sweat

Front 72

nails

Back 72

originate in the epidermis

Front 73

lunula

Back 73

white area at the base of the nail

Front 74

subcut

Back 74

subcutaneous

Front 75

staph

Back 75

staphylococcus

Front 76

CMV

Back 76

cytomegalovirus

Front 77

derm

Back 77

dermatology

Front 78

hair

Back 78

inner layer of skin (also called true skin)

Front 79

melanin

Back 79

color or pigmentation of the skin

Front 80

TD

Back 80

transdermal

Front 81

decub

Back 81

pressure ulcer

Front 82

BCC

Back 82

basal cell carcinoma

Front 83

strep

Back 83

streptococcus

Front 84

SqCCA

Back 84

squamous cell carcinoma

Front 85

SLE

Back 85

systemic lupus erythematosus

Front 86

MRSA

Back 86

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Front 87

HA-MRSA

Back 87

healthcare-associated MRSA infection

Front 88

CA-MRSA

Back 88

community-associated MRSA infection

Front 89

ID

Back 89

intradermal

Front 90

I&D

Back 90

incision and drainage

Front 91

bx

Back 91

biopsy

Front 92

hair

Back 92

composed of compressed, keratinized cells

Front 93

epidermis

Back 93

outer layer of skin

Front 94

keratin

Back 94

horny or cornified layer composed of protein

Front 95

fungus (singular)

Back 95

fungi (plural)

Front 96

nevus (singular)

Back 96

nevi (plural)

Front 97

petechia (singluar)

Back 97

petechiae (plural)

Front 98

bacterium (singular)

Back 98

bacteria (plural)

Front 99

ecchymosis (singular)

Back 99

ecchymoses (plural)