Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
acetylene
|
The simplest alkyne, H-C≡C-H. Also used as a synonym for an alkyne, a generic term for compound containing a C-C triple bond. (p. 382)
|
|
|
acetylide ion (alkynide ion)
|
The anionic salt of a terminal alkyne. Metal acetylides organometallic compounds with a metal atom in place of the weakly acidic acetylenic hydrogen of a terminal alkyne. (p. 387)
|
|
|
alkoxide ion
|
R-O⁻, the conjugate base of an alcohol. (p. 387)
|
|
|
alkyne
|
Any compound containing a carbon-carbon triple bond. (pp. 382, 384)
|
|
|
A terminal alkyne
|
has a triple bond at the end of a chain, with an acetylenic hydrogen.
|
|
|
An internal alkyne
|
has the triple bond somewhere other than at the end of the chain. (no acetylenic hydrogen)
|
|
|
amyl
|
An older common name for pentyl (p. 404)
|
|
|
enol
|
An alcohol with the hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom of a carbon-carbon bond. Most enols are unstable, spontaneously isomerizing to their carbonyl tautomers, called the keto form of the compound. See tautomers. (p. 403)
|
|
|
Lindlar’s catalyst
|
A heterogeneous catalyst for the hydrogenation of alkynes to cis alkenes. In its most common form, it consists of a thin coating of palladium on barium sulfate, quinoline added to decrease the catalytic activity (p. 398)
|
|
|
s character
|
The fraction of a hybrid orbital that corresponds to an s orbital; about one-half sp hybrids, one-third for sp² hybrids, and one-fourth for sp³ hybrids. (p. 387)
|
|
|
Siamyl group
|
A contraction for secondary isoamyl, abbreviated "Sia." This is the 1,2-dimethylpropyl group. Disiamylborane is used for hydroboration of terminal alkynes because this bulky adds only once to the triple bond (p. 404)
|
|
|
Tautomers
|
Isomers that can quickly interconvert by the movement of a proton (and a double bond) from one site to another. An equilibrium between tautomers is called a tautomerism (p. 403)
|
|
|
The keto-enol tautomerism is
|
the equilibrium between these two tautomers.
|
|
|
Vinyl cation
|
A cation with a positive charge on one of the carbon atoms of a C=C double bond. The cationic carbon atom is usually sp hybridized. Vinyl cations are often generated by addition of an electrophile to a carbon-carbon triple bond. (p. 401)
|
