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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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matter |
physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy.
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chemistry |
Chemistry is a branch of physical science that studies the composition, structure, properties and change of matter.
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substance |
a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.
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physical property |
Physical Properties: Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter. Physical properties include: appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, polarity, and many others.
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chemical property |
A chemical property is any of a material's properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction; that is, any quality that can be established only by changing a substance's chemical identity. ... They can also be useful to identify an unknown substance or to separate or purify it from other substances.
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element |
a part or aspect of something abstract, especially one that is essential or characteristic.
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atom |
the basic unit of a chemical element.
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chemical bond |
a thing used to tie something or to fasten things together.
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molecule |
a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
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compound |
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
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chemical formula |
a mathematical relationship or rule expressed in symbols.
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mixture heterogeneous |
Definition of Heterogeneous Mixtures. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties. In some mixtures, the initial substances cannot be detected after they have been mixed.
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mixture homogeneous |
Definition of Homogeneous. ... Definition of Homogeneous Mixture: A mixture which has uniform composition and properties throughout. For example, air is a homogeneous mixture of gases. A teaspoonful of table salt stirred into a glass of water also makes a homogeneous mixture.
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mixture solution |
Making Solutions. A simple solution is basically two substances that are evenly mixed together. One of them is called the solute and the other is the solvent. A solute is the substance to be dissolved (sugar). The solvent is the one doing the dissolving (water).
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weight |
a body's relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by it, giving rise to a downward force; the heaviness of a person or thing.
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mass |
a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.
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international system of units |
an internationally accepted system of units based on the metric system and having the meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, and candela as base units, the radian and steradian as supplementary units, and deriving all other units from these—abbreviation SI; called also International System.
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volume |
a book forming part of a work or series.
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density |
the degree of compactness of a substance.
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physical change |
Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. Physical changes are used to separate mixtures into their component compounds, but can not usually be used to separate compounds into chemical elements or simpler compounds.
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chemical change |
Chemical change is any change that results in the formation of new chemicalsubstances. At the molecular level, chemical change involves making or breaking of bonds between atoms. These changes are chemical: iron rusting (iron oxide forms) gasoline burning (water vapor and carbon dioxide form)
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law of conservation of mass |
The law of conservation of mass states that mass in an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations. According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the products in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of the reactants.
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energy |
the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.
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temperature |
the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.
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thermal energy |
Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat. This heat is generated by the movement of tiny particles within an object. The faster these particles move, the more heat is generated.
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endothermic change |
The definition of endothermic is a chemical reaction that is accompanied by the absorption of heat, or an organism that generates heat to maintain its temperature. A chemical reaction that works only if heat is absorbed is an example of a reaction that would be described as endothermic.
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exothermic change |
When trying to classify a process as exothermic or endothermic, watch how the temperature of the surroundings changes. An exothermic process releases heat, and causes the temperature of the immediate surroundings to rise. An endothermic process absorbs heat and cools the surroundings.
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kinetic energy |
energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.
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potential energy |
the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors.
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chemical energy |
Chemical Energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemicalcompounds (atoms and molecules). It is released in achemical reaction, often producing heat as a by-product (exothermic reaction). Batteries, biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal are examples of stored chemical energy.
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electromagnetic energy |
Electromagnetic energy is a form of energy that can be reflected or emitted from objects through electrical or magnetic waves traveling through space.Electromagnetic energy comes in many examples including gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, microwaves, radio waves and infrared radiation.
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electrical energy |
Electric energy is the energy created by electrons moving through an electrical conductor. The world is made of matter. All matter contains atoms that contain electrons that are always moving. When electrons are forced down a conductive path, such as a wire, the movement produces electricity, or electric energy.
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electrode |
a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object, substance, or region.
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