Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The verb preferer is an er verb that has a stem spelling change in some forms.
|
Change the e accent aigu to e accent grave in the stem for all but the nous and vous forms in the conjugation of the present indicative
|
|
The verb projeter is another stem change er verb.
|
In the present indicative, the future and the conditional, projeter and verbs like it double the consonant in all but the nous and vous forms.
|
|
Payer and other verbs that end in ayer can be conjugated in two ways:
|
they can retain the "y" throughout, or change to "i" before the unpronounced verb endings -e, -es, -ent and before all the forms in the conditional
|
|
S'ennuyer and other verbs ending in -uyer ALWAYS change the Y to I before the unpronounced verb endings -e, -es, -ent
|
and before all the future and conditional
|
|
CBR M291 kit
|
Used to decontaminate skin and personal equipment of LIQUID chemical agents. Wallet like kit that contains 6 individual decon packets.
|
|
aller + infinitive indicates:
|
what is going to happen in the near future
|
|
venir de + infinitive indicates:
|
what just happened
|
|
to indicate that an action in the past in continuing to the present one must use:
|
the preposition depuis
|
|
to conjugate er verbs:
|
drop the -er and add -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, -ent
|
|
a large group of -er verbs undergo spelling changes for pronunciation consistency.
|
Verbs whose stems end in -g (partager) add an e before the -ons endings in the nous forms
: partageons -verbs whose stem ends in -c (commencer) change the c to c avec cedille |
|
Some verbs have two different stems, one for the je, tu, il, and ils forms and another for the nous and vous forms.
|
Appeler and jeter double the l and/or the t in the stem for all but the nous or vous forms
|
|
Regular verbs ending in -ir are conjugated by dropping the -r from the infinitive and adding:
|
-s,-s,-t,-ssons,-ssez,ssent
|
|
The verbs dormir, partir, sentir, and sortir have some irregularities in formation.
|
To find the stem drop the last three letters of the infinitive and add the regular ending for -ir verbs (-s,-s,-t) For plural forms, drop only the ending -ir from the infinitive and add -ons, -ez, -ent
|
|
The verbs couvrir, offrir, ouvrir, and souffrir are conjugated:
|
like -er verbs
|
|
To conjugate regular verbs with infinitives ending in -re:
|
drop the -re and add -s,-s,-,-ons,-ez,-ent
|
|
Pronominal verbs or reflexive verbs are sonjugated like nonreflexive verbs, but are accompanied by reflexive pronouns (me,te, se ,nous, vous, se), which refer back to the subject.
|
Je m'inscris dan ce cours (example)
|
|
There are four categories of prenominal verbs:
|
-Reciprocal verbs
-reflexive verbs -some verbs are used only reflexively, and with these the reflexive pronoun is often untranslatable -a reflexive construction is frequently used in French to avoid having a passive construction |
|
Reflexive verbs are:
|
prenominal verbs that express the idea that the subject and the object are doing something to each other
|
|
Reflexive verbs are
|
Prenominal verbs that express the idea that the subject is doing something to him or herself
|
|
Many verbs that take direct or indirect objects can be turned into reciprocal verbs by adding a reflexive pronoun.
|
Je vois mon prof dans la rue -> Nous nous voyons dans la rue
|
|
Some verbs are used only reflexively, and with these the reflexive pronoun is oft untranslatable
|
Ils se souviennent bien de leur premier prof de Francais (example)
|
|
A reflexive construction is frequently used in French to avoid having a passive construction.
|
Comment est-ce cela se fait?
|
|
When one verb follows another, with no conjunction (like que) between them, the first verb is conjugated and the second remains an infinitive.
|
Je veux suivre ce cours. (example)
|
|
The construction of the passe compose:
|
(a conjugated auxiliary verb + a past participle).
-Il a seche son cours de math hier. |
|
When prenominal (reflexive) verbs are used as infinitives following a conjugated verb, the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject of the main verb.
|
Nous esperons nous inscrire sans problemes. (example)
|
|
A verb appears in it's infinitive form following a preposition (except en)
|
Il travaille dur afin d'avoir de bonnes notes a la fin de l'annee.
|
|
After the preposition apres, the past infinitive must be used.
|
Apres avoir fini ses etudes, elle est retournee chez ses parents.(example)
|
|
An infinitive can be the subject of a sentence.
|
Bachoter la veille d'un examen n'est pas toujours une bonne idee. (example)
|
|
There are TWO tenses for the infinitive:
|
the present and the past. The past infinitive is formed with the infinitive avoir or etre + the past participle of the main verb.
|
|
The agreement rules that apply to the passe compose also apply to the past infinitive.
|
In verbs conjugated with the auxiliary etre, the past participle agrees with the subject of the sentence.
|
|
To negate an infinitive, both ne and pas (or other negative form) are placed in front of the infinitive.
|
Je bachote toute la nuit pour ne pas echouer a l'examen. (example)
|
|
The imperative forms are used to give commands, orders, or even to extend invitations.
|
Choisis les cours qui t'interessent.
|
|
You can soften the command by adding s'il te plait (with familiar commands) or s'il vous plait (with formal commands)
|
Explique-moi les devoirs, s'il te plait.
(example) |
|
If you wish to be less direct or abrupt in expressing your command, you can phrase your request as a question.
|
Tu peux m'expliquer les devoirs?
(example) |
|
There are three different imperative forms you can use.
|
Depending on who you are talking to.
-The second person singular form -The first person plural form -The second person plural form |
|
The second person singular form, based on the tu form of the present: for commands given to someone you know well.
|
-Reponds!
-Finis tes etudes -Fais tes devoirs |
|
-er verbs (and those verbs conjugated like -er verbs) drop the -s of the tu form.
|
-Ne parle pas!
-Ecoute bien! |
|
When the second person singular (tu form) is followed immediately by y or en, the ending -s is retained to make it easy to pronounce.
|
-Vas-y!
-Manges-en! |
|
Pronominal verbs keep the reflexive pronoun. Te changes to toi when it follows the affirmative imperative.
|
-Debrouille-toi!
-Rappelle-toi qu'il y a un controle demain! |
|
The first person plural form, based on the nous form of the present: for commands in which the speaker is including himself or herself.
|
Assistons a cette conference!
Remercions le prof! |
|
The second person plural form, based on the vous form of the present: for commands to more than one person or to someone you do not know well.
|
Ecoutez!
Taisez-vous! |
|
Three verbs frequently used in the imperative are irregular: their form are based on the subjunctive.
|
avoir: Aie! Ayons! Ayez! Ayez confiance!
etre: Sois! Soyons! Soyez! Soyons attentifs! savoir: Sache!! Sachons! Sachez!! Sache que le prof est fache! |