Chaper 3

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Sumptuary Law

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statues that limited the wearing of fine apparel to the wealthy and prominent to curb the pretensions of those of lower status

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Navigation Act

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attempted to eliminate the Dutch, they tightly controlled colonial trade, shipping, and industry to the benefit of English interests in America. These acts, which were largely ignored by the American colonists, were intended to ensure that the British colonies in North America remained subservient to the mother country.

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Staple Act

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The Staple Act of 1663 states that American goods shipped to Europe must first pass through a British port

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Plantation Duty

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whites, blacks, && indians

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Half-Way Covenant

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allowed the grandchildren of persons in full communion to be baptized even though their parents could not demonstrate conversion

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Nathaniel Bacon

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ambitious young man that came to virginia, substantial planter

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Great Migration

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•Migration to New England was very marked in its effects in the two decades from 1620 to 1640, after which it declined sharply for a while. The term Great Migration usually refers to the migration in this period of English settlers, primarily Puritans to Massachusetts

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Charles II

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king of england

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Royal Africa Company

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•The Royal African Company was a slaving company set up by the Stuart family and London merchants once the former retook the English throne in the English Restoration of 1660. It was led by James, Duke of York, Charles II's brother

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Stono Uprising

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was a slave rebellion that commenced on September 9, 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution

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Mercantilism

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•an economic system (Europe in 18th century) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests

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Sir William Berkeley

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was a governor of Virginia, appointed by King Charles I, of whom he was a favorite.

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Economic Gap in the Chesapeake Colonies

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death rate, a frighteningly high mortality that tore at the fabric of traditional family life

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Glorious Revolution (England and New York)

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New York: divisions within New York's ruling class ran deep and involved ethnic as well as religious differences
England:colony's lower house overthrew King James, when word hit Maryland pent up antiproprietary and anti-catholic sentiment exploded

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Slave Trade

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slave traders carried almost 11 million blacks to the Americas.

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Jacob Leisler

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was a German-born American colonist. Beginning in 1689, he led an insurrection dubbed Leisler's Rebellion in colonial New York, seizing control of the colony until he was captured and executed in New York City for treason against William and Mary.

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Cotton Mather

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was a socially and politically influential New England Puritan minister, prolific author and pamphleteer

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John Winthrop

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obtained a royal charter, along with other wealthy Puritans, from King Charles for the Massachusetts Bay Company and led a group of English Puritans to the New World in 1630.

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Enumerated Goods

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•Listed and counted goods. Those goods that were taxed individually from the colonists to England. Led to 'No taxation without representation'

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Nat Turner

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•Nat Turner was the first slave to actually start a rebellion in 1831 in which several white people were killed, thus magnifying the South's great fear of a slave rebellion. Turner was a preacher who was noted for his strong religious commitment and his keen intelligence.

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Jamestown Massacre

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•The Indian Massacre of 1622 occurred in the Virginia Colon

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Bacon’s Rebellion

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In 1675 the lower class citizens of Virginia wanted to expand and gain cheaper land. The Yeoman farmers and non land holders wanted the government to expel or kill the Indians that were in the way of their expansion. In order to protect the upper class wealthy plantation owners, and have a ready supply of people for labor their plantation, both plantation owners and Governor Berkeley did not want this for the lower class. Against Governor Berkeley's orders, a militia attacked the Native Americans. In rebellion to these attacks the Native Americans started to raid the outer farms and plantations killing lower class colonists. Nathaniel Bacon, leader of the militia, asked Governor Berkeley for military protection from these raids. When Governor Berkeley denied them military protection against the attacks, again against the Berkeley's orders Bacon's militia attacked the native Americans. Berkley then had Bacon declared a traitor and was arrested. After Bacon's release, Bacon still angry at Berkeley for how he and the lower class people had been treated, gathered a militia together and marched against Berkeley driving him into hiding, overthrowing the government, and burning Jamestown to the ground. Soon after, Bacon died suddenly of dysentery and Berkeley regained control.

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Edmund Andros

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was an early colonial English governor in North America, and head of the short-lived Dominion of New England.

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Restoration

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•The Restoration of the monarchy, began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the War of the Three Kingdoms

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King James War

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t

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William and Mary

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college in massachusetts

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Puritan Commonwealth

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highly religious society, young people would not stray far from shared community values