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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is general revelation?
The truth about God is available to everyone through:
1) nature
2) history
3) God's image in mankind

thus rendering man without excuse.

Psalm 19:1-3 The heavens declare the glory of God...

Rom 1:19-20 what can be known about God is plain to them... his invisible attributes... clearly perceived... So they are without excuse.
Define And Defend the "Inspiration" Of Scripture.
The product of God's direct intellectual superintending of the men who wrote the Scripture.

Thus, inspired Scriptures are the very words of God and thus the absolute and immutable authoritative rule for faith and practice.

2 Tim.3:16: All Scripture breathed out by God....
2 Pet.1:21 No prophecy ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the HS
Define And Defend the "Necessity" Of Scripture.
Scripture is necessary as a means of revealing the saving truth of Jesus Christ, “the knowledge of God and of his will that is necessary for salvation”.

Rom. 10:17: So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ
What Is The "Canon"? Defend It Scripturally.
Canon means rule, measure or standard.

OT canon confirmed by Jesus - Matt. 5:17 not to abolish law & prophets but fulfill).

NT canon:
1) built on the teaching of Jesus - he taught and trained the disciples to accurately share his message. Matt 10 (sending out 12) & Jn 20 (final instruction to 12 & promise of HS)

2) Peter understands Paul to be writing Scripture.
2 Peter 3:15-16
Define And Defend The "Authority" Of Scripture.
Scripture
1) its authority rest solely in God’s authority (not man's acceptance).
2) historical authority & reliability
3) normative authority in that it is God's rule for faith & practice.

WCF 1.4 - authority depends not on any man or church but wholly on God... it is the Word of God

2 Tim.3:16-17 - (tr c tr) All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.
Define And Defend The "Sufficiency" Of Scripture.
Scripture is Sufficient
1) as the rule of the faith and practice in itself
2) in the principles rather than details
3) in that it is complete (all that is necessary)

1 Cor 2:9-12 "What no eye has seen, nor ear heard, nor the heart of man imagined, what God has prepared for those who love him"— these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit....
Define And Defend The "Perspicuity" Of Scripture.
Literally “see-through-ableness” of Scripture

What is necessary for saving faith is so clearly & simply presented in Scripture that anyone who earnestly seeks salvation in it can easily gain the knowledge for himself, not needing the church or the priesthood to attain it.

Psalm 119:105, 130 Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path… The unfolding of your words gives light; it imparts understanding to the simple.
What Is Distinctive About Reformed Interpretation Of Scripture?
1) continuity between the Old and New Testament.
2) principle of private interpretation (the right of the individual believer to interpret Scripture without the aid of a priest or another)
What Principles Should Guide Our Interpretation Of Scripture?
Scripture interprets Scripture.

When there is ambiguity in one passage the true meaning must be found in other clearer portions of Scripture.
Define And Defend The "Inerrancy" Of Scripture.
1) in all that it teaches, the Bible is free from error.
2) Where it speaks to history it is true
3) it doesn't speak to everything (often principles rather than details).

Num 23:19, Heb 4:13

Num. 23:19 God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?

Heb 4:13 And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
What Do The Scriptures Principally Teach?
What man is to believe concerning God and what duty God requires of man.
Define "Special Revelation"
What God reveals about Himself to His people, through
1) special messengers (angels or prophets)
2) Jesus Christ
3) Scripture.

Certain knowledge, i.e., the way of salvation, can come only through special revelation mediated through word and spirit.

2 Tim 3:15 How from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.
What is revelation?
God’s making known to man
1) who God is
2) what kind of God he is
3) what duty God requires of man.
Are “special revelation” and “Scripture” synonymous?
Yes, although in the past God has revealed Himself through theophanies & direct communications (Heb 1:1-2), now His special revelation is found in Scripture.
What is the meaning of theopneustos? (θεοπνευσος)
the Greek word found in 2 Tim 3:16 which literally means “breathed out by God.”
Explain Verbal Inspiration
inspiration applies not merely to ideas, but to the very words in such a way that God can be spoken of as the speaker of the Word.

Scripture therefore is the very words God intends His people to hear, yet it is not mechanically dictated.
Define what is meant by Plenary (inspiration)
1) Every part of Scripture is inspired and authoritative
2) The fullness of the Scriptures are without error in the original manuscripts.
What was the Progression of the Canon?
1) Muratorian Cannon (AD 170 - 190) - missing Hebrews & James
2) Athanasius' Easter letter (367)
3) Hippo (393)
4) Carthage (397)
Why is the Canon closed?
no longer Apostles to speak infallibly on matters of faith and practice.

Hebrews 1:1-2 says that the ways which God formerly communicated to His people have ceased, and now he speaks to us through the Son.
Canon Formation Criterion:
ausie
1) Apostolic tie: Written or sanctioned by an apostle
2) Universal acceptance by the churches
3) Self-Authentication: Life-Changing ability
4) Internal evidence - agreement of Christ and apostles to OT, language and idiom, consistency of style, comportment of substance,
5) External evidence - citation by early church, catalogue of books (e.g., Muratorian canon)
Make a case for NT Special Revelation
1) Voice of God was heard again in Israel beginning with John the Baptist.

2) It ceased with the death of the last apostle, John.

3) Early church was conscious of the cessation of revelation. Clement wrote, "The apostles received the gospel for us from the Lord Jesus Christ." (1Clement 42:1).
WCF 1.4 (sufficiency of scripture)
The authority of the Holy Scripture, for which it ought to be believed, and obeyed, dependeth not upon the testimony of any man, or Church; but wholly upon God (who is truth itself) the author thereof: and therefore it is to be received, because it is the Word of God.
Is the authority of Scripture limited?
God’s word speaks to all of life, it is sufficient for “every good work,” man must live by it.
What do we mean by saying the Scriptures are infallible?
The Scriptures are trustworthy & will not fail to accomplish the task to reveal God and the path of salvation to man.
Discuss “higher criticism” and its effect on biblical authority.
Sees Bible as just another human literary artifact.
It has had a deleterious effect upon people as it denies:
1) God’s authority
2) clarity of Scripture
3) necessity of Scripture
4) sufficiency of Scripture
What is textual criticism and what is its contribution to biblical authority
The science and art of determining which copies of Scripture contain the correct (original) text of Scripture.
What is the Textus Receptus?
The critical text of the KJV Bible’s NT.

Textus Receptus (Latin: "received text") is the name given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the NT which constituted the translation base for
1)the original German Luther Bible
2) English NT by William Tyndale
3) King James Version
4) most other Reformation-era NT translations throughout Western & Central Europe.

The series originated with the first printed Greek New Testament, published in 1516—a work undertaken in Basel by the Dutch Catholic scholar and humanist Desiderius Erasmus. Detractors criticize it for being based on only some six manuscripts, containing between them not quite the whole of the New Testament. The missing text was back-translated from the Vulgate. Although based mainly on late manuscripts of the Byzantine text-type, Erasmus' edition differed markedly from the classic form of that text, and included some missing parts back translated from the Latin Vulgate.