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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Can Nonhumans Learn Language?
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– understand more than they can produce
– use symbols/names to describe objects – request items from each other – some original, creative requests |
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What have we learned about nonhumans?
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– Abilities to learn/use symbolic communication
not a recent human development – Ambiguity about what defines language – Comprehension precedes production – Language training techniques for people with delays |
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Materialism
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everything physical or material
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Mentalism
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only mind; physical world could only exist if a mind was aware of it
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Identity position:
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mental processes and brain processes are the same thing in different terms
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Are Experiences and brain activities one in the same?
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Experiences and brain activities are inseparable
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Masking
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brief visual stimulus (30 ms) with interfering stimuli before and after
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What is Consciousness of a stimulus:
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– amount and spread of brain activity
– synchrony of responses in neurons |
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Phi and beta phenomenons:
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apparent movement of static images
• Graded sounds, half-way between “dent” and “tent” – later context determines what we hear |
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Inattentional blindness
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(change blindness):something changing slowly escapes attention/ awareness, unless we focus on it
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What does Consciousness depends on?
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– attention filters sensory info, only letting some into consciousness
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Stroop effect:
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saying the color of a word rather than reading it:
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Top-down processing depends on what?
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prefrontal and parietal cortex
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What helps with Correlations with better top-down attention:
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• action-based video games
• meditation |
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What is the opposite
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“Inattention” or “neglect” is the opposite of attention
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Spatial neglect:
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tendency to ignore left side of the body and surroundings
– associated with right hemisphere damage |
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What is Attentional Neglect?
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Neglect associated with attention, not sensation
– see whole letter, say what it is – ignore left half when asked to cross out the small letters |
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Metacognition:
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cognition about cognition
– know when we know something, know when we do not know something |
